الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 33 |  |  |
| | | from | 33 | | |
Abstract
The main objective of the work presented in this thesis is the modification of physical and chemical properties of cotton fabric through the attachment of cationic groups to cotton fabric using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride ”Quat-188”. This modification was conducted in order to improve some properties of the fabric and for the production of eco-friendly textile suitable for using in lingerie industrialization. Also, this modification facilitates the cotton fabric dyeing without salt or mordant. Cationic group was attached to cotton fabric using cold pad-batch and exhaustion methods under different conditions. The efficiency of the cationization reaction was determined via the estimation of nitrogen content and K/S values in the cationized samples. By comparison between cold pad-batch method and exhaustion method, it is clear that Pad-batch method has many advantages. Moreover, the results show clearly that wrinkle recovery angle and elongation at break increase as the degree of cationization increases. The increase in wrinkle recovery angle and elongation at break depends on the degree of cationization. Cationized cotton fabrics prepared by cold pad-batch method were dyed without salts and without mordant for different dyestuffs such as direct dye and acid dye, and also, natural dyes such as Turmeric, Saffron, Cochineal, Weld and Rhubarb dyes. The K/S value of cationized fabric is much higher than that of uncationized fabric for the same dye. This can be attributed to the cationic nature of the material and its effect on the chemical structure of cotton fabric. Moreover, there is a great tendency for cationized cotton fabric to dye with acid dye. It was revealed that the fastness properties of the cationized fabrics dyed without the addition of salt was much better than those for uncationized fabrics dyed with traditional dyeing method. This improvement may be ascribed to the presence of the cationic sites created on the cotton fabrics. Furthermore, the order of fastness properties was as follows: cochineal > saffron ≈ rhubarb ≈ weld ≈ acid dyes > turmeric ≈ direct dyes. On the other hand, direct and rhubarb dyes have shown the highest fastness toward light.