الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study try to create some genetical modifications in the Bradyrhizobium strains symbiotic with peanut and soybean plants for using it as a biological control agent aganist plant parasitic nematodes and nitrogen fixation process . This would facilitate releasing a variety of recombinant rhizobia into the environment this with improving nitrogen fixation capacity. Relation between chitinase enzyme gene and nod genes in Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bradyrhizobium sp (Arachis) in the soil rhizisphere were studied and results obtained from pots experiments showed didn’t effect of chitinase enzyme gene (chi B) on nodulation process between legume plants (soybean and peanut) and Bradyrhizobium strains japonicum and Bradyrhizobium sp. (Arachis) after treatment the pots by chitinase enzyme many times through nodule formation in all of them. Whoever, the results obtained showed significant increased in shoot and root formation and pigment accumulation of chl (a), chl (b) and total in each of the two crops. RAPD-PCR for transformants were done then compared its profiles with parental strains ARC 601, ARC 604, USDA 110 and U.K 3407 using two primers P23 and P73. The results obtained showed high similarities between parental strains and their transformant derivatives from it. RAPD-PCR was highly efficient method in the detection of variabilities between different Bradyrhizobium strains by knowing short sequence satellites repetitive in the Bradyrhizobium genome.