الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study try to create genetic variations in pea variety victoria to induce better characteristics regarding nodulation and nitrogen fixation process using gamma irradiation furthermore, perform and produce conjugation between Pseudomonas putida (donor) with four different rhizobial strains (reipents) and Azorhizobium microsymbiont as a mechanism of DNA transfer. This would facilitate releasing a variety of recombinant rhizobia into the environment this with improving nitrogen fixation capacity. All transconjugants harboring DNA from P.putida produced high levels of IAA in the presence of tryptophan. Most of diparental transconjugants showed significant positive effect on the nodulation parameters, growth parameters and concentration of chlorophyll in the leaves of plant grown in pots experiment. The field experiments aimed to study Effect of gamma irradiation on genosymbiotic efficiency and grain yield in pea (Pisum sativum L.) . the results appeared the postive and negative effect of gammarays.