الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 101 |  |  |
| | | from | 101 | | |
Abstract
The present work was carried out to study the Effect of seedbed preparation system on the duration of land leveling by laser scraper. Trials carried out at Gemiza agriculture research station in ElGarbia Governarate during 2001<U+2013>2003 seasons. The experimental area was divided into three blocks each block was leveled by deferent slope 0.03%, 0.00% laser land leveling and without land leveling. Each block was then divided into three strips and each stripe was a divided into two sub strip. Three types of seedbed preparation systems were used rotary tiller ?R.? (Minimum tillage), chisel plough once forward by rotary tiller ?Ch.R.?(Conservation tillage) and twice chisel plough direction forward by wooden blade ?2Ch.L.? (Traditional tillage). The three different types of seedbed preparation systems to tools applied in the test strips. All strips (12.6x 27m) area, total area 1.5 fed. Three seasons were planted, wheat at winter 20012002, maize at summer 2002 and clover at winter20022003. All crops were planted in flat soil. Experimental plan was irrigated by surface border irrigation design. All the results confirm that using traditional land leveling produced good results on soil physical and mechanical properties comparing with accuracy land leveling. While, using accuracy land leveling slope produced longest leveling duration. In addition, the suitable seedbed preparations system was chisel plough once forward by rotary tiller ?ChR?(Conservation tillage). It protected soil physical and mechanical properties comparing with rotary tiller ?R? (Minimum tillage). Moreover, it increased Irrigation efficiency comparing with rotary tiller ?R? (Minimum tillage) and twice chisel plough direction forward by wooden blade ?2ChL? (Traditional tillage).