الفهرس 
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Abstract
The search for clean water is a problem for every body where without water there is no life, no agriculture, no industry. In many fresh waters, metals concentrations are elevated by domestic and industrial sewage or other sources. Some metals are essential for organisms, but they are toxic in high concentrations. The presence of trace elements and heavy metals in drinking waters is of concern from a health-related aspect, since these elements have been linked to the occurrence of human cancer in many instances, in addition to the probable toxicity. The search of methods for decontamination of water is of great concern. The use of pottery for refrigeration of water is an old traditional famous method used for many centuries. People used pottery for refrigeration did not realize that this material is a good decontaminating sorbent and their water is purified from the harmful metal ions. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to examine the use of different kinds of pottery, as natural cheap sorbent, for decontamination of water from heavy and toxic metallic ions such as: Co2+, Fe3+, Cs+, Cd2+, Cr3+,Zn2+, Pb2+, Mg2+, and Cu2
+, and to find the effect of some additives known to be present in water, such as humic acid and fulvic acid or those added to water for refining and strilization such as alum, chlorine and KMnO4. Four water supplies and three kinds of pottery were selected for the study. The thesis is classified into three chapters; Chapter I; Introduction, contains four main sections. The first section includes water characteristics, water as a solvent, water purification with special emphasis on municipal water treatment and sewage treatment. The second section is concerned with water pollution and the different classes of water pollutants such as biological contaminants, inorganic pollutants, organic pollutants and pesticides; detergents and radioactive elements. The third section includes general aspects on pottery; history, raw materials, methods of fabrication, drying, finishing, firing and properties. The fourth section throws light on activation analysis with a special reference to analysis of clay and pottery. Chapter II; Experimental, contains: sampling of water, the different chemicals and radioactive isotopes used, the preparation of the investigated radioactive tracers, characterization of the pottery, separation and characterization of the natural sorbent material purification and characterization of humic and fulvic acids, includes also the preparation of the utilized buffer solutions and the technique applied for the sorption investigations. The different instruments used were, also reported. Chapter III; Results and Discussion, includes the experimental results and their explanation: Decontamination of Cobalt (60Co ): Purification of different kinds of water (tap, ground, river and distilled) from radiocobalt (60Co) by using brown pottery is investigated. The rate of increasing purification was found to follow the sequence: ground water < tap water < river water < distilled water.