الفهرس 
Anatomy of retroperitoned spacesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study was carried on 154 patients, 97 males (63%) and 57 females (37%) with a mean age of 51 -75 years with different retroperitoneal masses, all patients were subjected to full history, clinical examination and abdominal CT examination. This work revealed the accuracy of computed tomography in the diagnosis of malignant retroperitoneal masses arising from retroperitoneal organs including the kidney, adrenals, pancreas, retroperitoneal lymph nodes, retroperitoneal portions of the colon and muscles of the posterior abdominal wall. The patients were divided into 5 groups according to the different pathological entities:- Group I (pancreatic masses): This group includes 41 cases .We found that CT continues to be the primary technique used in patients suspected of having pancreatic malignancy. CT allows assessment of pancreatic masses as regard detection of the tumor by direct and indirect signs, its location and extension to peripancreatic tissues. CT also detects LN enlargement and metastatic deposits.Group II (renal masses):- This group includes 40 cases. Our results revealed that Triphasic helical CT is a highly accurate, rapid and easily performed modality in the preoperative evaluation of patients with malignant renal masses. CT gives all the needed anatomic information concerning the tumour and its relation to the renal parenchyma, the vascular and collecting system structures. CT is also essential for staging of the neoplasm. Group III (Colonic Mass Group): This group includes 26 cases. We found that CT is a powerful tool for evaluation and staging of cancer colon and it is accurate in detection of its pericolic extension, we can not evaluate the role of CT in detection the early stages of cancer colon as all the cases are presented late with a colonic mass. CT is useful for evaluation the morphologic features of the tumor, dissemination, peritoneal seeding, and hepatic metastasis. ” Group IV (Adrenal Masses): This group includes 16 cases. We found that the CT is the primary imaging modality used in evaluation of patients with suspected adrenal masses, it can accurately differentiate benign adenomas from malignant adrenal masses by measuring the density of adrenal mass on nonenhanced CT which gives a low attenuation value due to the large amount of lipid in most adenomas. In this study the size of the tumors is not used as a point of discrimination between benign and malignant as we have cases of malignant adrenal masses and the tumors are small and heterogenous . Group V: Primary Retroperitoneal Tumours: This group includes 31 cases .We found that CT is an important technique on patients with a known or suspected malignant lymphadenopathy, CT detects lymph node abnormalities only by identifying their enlargement, CT also can detect extranodal involvement in cases of lymphoma (e.g. spleen, liver). From this work, we concluded that:CT allows detection of retroperitoneal masses, localizing the lesion in relation to the fascial compartments and determining the extent of the disease. CT is the mainstay of pancreatic imaging. It is able to demonstrate focal masses within the gland, calcifications, cysts, ductal dilatation and associated abnormalities in the upper abdominal organs (e.g. hepatic metastases, lymph nodes, and peripancreatic vascular structures) which is very important in determining whether the tumor is resectable or not. CT is a very useful technique in detection of renal and adrenal masses, their nature, extension and invasion of adjacent vascular structures as well as metastatic deposits. CT should be performed before starting treatment of lymphomas. Lymph node enlargement is the only CT criterion of lymph node abnormality and therefore metastases to normal size lymph nodes will escape detection. CT plays an important role in determining the primary retroperitoneal malignant masses and in evaluating direct tumor invasion of adjacent organs. CT allows evaluation and staging of colonic mass, furthermore CT is usefully used as a guide for biopsy especially for small masses that are obscured by gases