الفهرس 
introductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 160 |  |  |
| | | from | 160 | | |
Abstract
Lymphomas are neoplasm originating from lymphoreticular tissue and divided into two groups Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. NHL is usually presented as a localized or generalized lymphadenopathy. Generalized lymphadenopathy is a rare presentation for HD as it commonly presents as painless progressive lymph node enlargement usually cervical. The etiology of lymphomas is largely unknown, several; factors have been implicated in etiologic studies including viral infection, immundeficiencies, environmental agents and genetic factors. Strong arguments supporting genetic linkage between susceptibility to lymphomas and HLA class II are reported and gave a clue about susceptibility or protection from the disease. HLA located on the short arm of chromosome 6. Due to the extreme polymorphism of the HLA system, it is one of the best genetic markers and the most valuable prognostic factors used nowadays. This study aimed to evaluate the possible changes of HLA class II (DR, DQ) alleles in children with lymphomas (NHL and HD). This study was performed on 30 cases of lymphomas 19 NHL and 11 HL, their ages ranged between 1.5-15 years. All cases in the study were assessed by: History and clinical examination. Laboratory investigations. Complete blood picture. Liver function tests. Kidney function tests. Bone marrow examination. Lymph node biopsy. Analysis of HLA-DR and DQ. Analysis using polymerase chain reaction. The control group included patients attending the hospital for minor surgical problems and parents of the children attending the pediatric outpatient clinical. The most important points revealed by this work are: HLA-DRB1 *0403, DRB1 *1301 were significantly increased in patients with NHL. On the other hand the frequencies of HLA-DRB1 *1302 was decreased in patients with NHL when compared to control. HLA-DRB1 *1202 showed statistically significant increase in patients with HL compared to control. Meanwhile HLA-DRB1 *0701 was significantly decreased in patients with HL compared to control. Regarding HLA-DQB1 alleles *0501, *0503, 0201 and *0301 were significantly increased in patients with NHL compared to control. On the other hand there was a statistically significant increase in HLA-DQB1 *0502 and *0602 in control compared to NHL patients. The study of HLA-DQB1 frequency in patients with HL revealed statistically significant increase of HLA-DQB1 *0604, 0201, in patients with HL compared to control. Also there was a significant decrease in HLA-DQB1 *0203 in patients with HL compared to control. HLA-DRB1 *0403, and *1301 were significantly increased in patients with both groups of lymphoma compared to control. On the other hand there was a statistically significant increase in HLA-DRB1 *1302 and 1504 in control. There was a significant statistical increase of HLA-DQB1 *0501, and *0201 in patients with lymphoma compared to control. On the other hand there was a statistically significant increase in HLA-DQB1 *0401 in control. Therefore, our findings my concluded that: The susceptibility to NHL is related to DRB1 *0403, DRB1 *1301, DQB1 *0501, DQB1 *0503, DQB1 *0301 and DQB1 *0201. The susceptibility to HD is related to DRB1 *1202, DQB1 *0604, and DQB1 *0201. HLA DRB1 *1302, DQB1 *0602 suggesting that they conferred protection for NHL. HLA DEB1 *0701 and DQB1 *0203 suggesting that they conferred protection for HD. In conclusion different HLA alleles may have a role in patients with both groups of lymphoma and further study is needed to better define the possible prognostic value of different HLA association in patients with lymphomas regarding increased risk in the presence of certain HLA alleles and the possibility for treatment modifications in the future based on the presence or absence of certain HLA alleles.