الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The reason(s) why embryos transferred during in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure fail to implant is still not clearly established. Nevertheless, endometrial and structural uterine abnormalities are factors that are associated with implanation failure .These may take the form of endometrial polyps, adhesions, myomas, malformations, or severe cervical stenosis. Hysteroscopy in a program of IVF allows one to detect such negative factors which can influence embryo replacements. Abnormal findings during hysterosocpy are certainly not the primary cause of infertility but may be at most be secondary factors.Nevertheless, these abnormalities in IVF patients and even more in those with recurrent failure are of extreme importance since the low rate obtained with IVF may be reduced even further in these However, previously undiagnosed, misinterpreted, or subtle newly added intrauterine abnormalities may be a significant cause of recurrent IVF-ET failure inspite of normal initial hysteroscopy and replacement of good morphology embryos. Review of literature has revealed that studies investigating the role of repeat hysteroscopy in patients with recurrent failed IVF-ET cycles are scant. This study is an attempt to clarify the importance of repeat hysteroscopic evaluation and its impact on the success of embryo transfer ET in patients with IVF.