الفهرس 
Aim Of The WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Congenital malformations were and still stimu- lating problem in research studies allover the world. Trials were always directed up till now to the deter¬of the underlying causes but the advances in surgery gave some hope in its nanagment. Although many factors have been discovered as etiologic factors, but still many are obscure. Some factors causing congenital malformation may act ovum before implantation and other act after implantation. from the 4th week to the end of the 12th week the grows through intense period of development and maturation and each organ goes through full development. This is the so-called organogenetic period, which is the critical period during which the growing foetus as embryo is va1unerab1e for affection different agents. The study was conducted through the last four yars, from April 1980 to April 1984 and included two group. The first group comprised all the newborns delivered in the university Hospital at Mansoura. The hospital serves both urban, and rural areas. Complete examination was done for all the newborns.