الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Recurrent .:;.,) OC8.~;i’Hi of the patella is one of the most 1 common causes J:’ in~;errll: 1 deranGement of the knee in young individual. =~ i.(J[f.·ac]w.yucally, the quadric eps tendon and the patella te’lrto~ describe an obtuse angle (Q angle). Contraction o~· ·.be ~y.tensor mechanism creates a vector force which tp’H:~; to .nove the patella 1aterallyo This is blilanced ::: .. ’j” i” ”c .-, : .. U.’cu1Tr n.Ilci. Jony factors (Helfet and Heywood 1::://). :1 Jp disorder does not occur in the ab- ;Jence of t P’, (I’ ~o(’.,j f r;ongenital or nquired minor anato-· mic a1 abnc J1’1:3. .y. ~ f·,”·8 aonor1l81it::.es may be bony, inc- luding troch 1 .r 1 rl.I e11,,1’ Ed:moJ’li1H.l:i.ties and abnormal bony relai:j.()~, . r ” C ’:.t nity be sofi: ~;issue abnormalities includJ.ng )’ I , _ r t t ere. E of~; t j .: ’i r;: quadriceps DisJor,2tion OJ the patella e[ ~):::’ef; stre” ’; ”. i (~ C” ’t:( ring of the mecUal retinaculum. ence. The V8.;~tuc l<:-.t -’1’alis pull is no longer resisted b the medial-j.nJ. e”j Jr r :·tinFJ.culurn. Similarly, contracture ’n’~;he lnt RI’ 0;’ ’f:. i ’[[1 ’1.1) n.:11 occurs be~cause of the weakened efforts of t’1(~ ’2 ::ltue- [,1eclialis, (Dougherty et al., 1976). r patella or’ t l’ .c ”e-”f _ ~·enlO:’8._L ,onc1yle and osteochondritis dissecansl (.l~Yi.’o~)(J, 1?-6 ).