الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Mental retardation may be the most handicapping of all childhood disorders. Recognition of the cause is the first step in the prevention of the disease. Perusal of the aetiologic classification of mental retardation is not a simple task, since the factors may differ from one locality to another. The aetiology of mental deficiency is unknown in the great majority of cases. It has been estimated tha t infectious diseases are responsible for 4-9 % of institutionalized mentally retarded childern. Intrauterine infections kuown to cause mental retardation include the embryonal encephalopathies caused by rubella virus, cytomegalovirus and herpes viruses, Treponema pallidum and Toxoplasma gondii. An understanding of the role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in human congenital defects is slowly evolving. Several studies have produced evidence that cytomegalic inclusion disease (CID) acquired in utero can cause brain damage associated with mental retardation, auditory defects, microcephaly and chorioretinitis. Infants with no apparent evidence of CIn in the newborn period develop may neurological sequelae.