الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION AND AIM OFTlm wonKOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Headache can be of a rhino sinugenic origin even if the cause may not be suspected from the history or inspected during clinical examination. In the last year nasal endoscopy gained a great importance in the diagnosis of rhino-sinal headache. Endoscopy of the paranas,ll sllluses and lateral wall by cold light telescope will show and reveal causes hidden from the unaided eye and routine methods of examination. By the use of endoscopy, it was found that secretions from the large paranasal sinuses reach the sinus ostia through a very definite and hardly changeable secretion pathway in order to reach the nasal cavity and, finally, the nasopharynx. This secretion pathway will pass finally through the frontal recess (hom the frontal sinus) and the ethmoid infundibulum (from the maxillary sinus) so these palts are the key areas of drainage of larger sinuses. These key areas are parts of the ethmoid air cells, thus ,lilY pathology, deformity or anatomical malformation in the area of anterior ethmoid air cells and middle nasal meatus will lead to interference with - drainage of larger sinuses in which secondary sinusitis will take place. In this work, the minimal pathologic lesions that were recognized include mucosal contact areas in this key area interfering with ciliary beat action of sinus and nasal mucosa at one side and allergic polypi hidden in the area of middle meatus missed by unaided eye fi’om the other side. Also many anatomic malformations in this important key area were recognized. These malformations include paradoxically bent middle turbinate , enlarged middle turbinate, changes in uncinate process, agger nasi cells, enlarged bulla ethmoidalis or combination of all these