الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of work
Bladder cancerOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies occurring worldwide. The rates for these tumors are highest in developed countries, where they rank as sixth most frequent neoplasm. Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and the seventh in women. Carcinoma of the bladder is the most prevalent cancer in Egypt and in most African countries. Characteristics of an ideal tumor marker for bladder cancer include a rapid, officebased, inexpensive test that is noninvasive and possesses high sensitivity and specificity. The test should add toor, in certain cases, replacecystoscopy, cytology, and urinalysis. It should be useful to screen atrisk population, test symptomatic patients, and monitor in those with prior cancer. The present study is concerned with using a noninvasive, simple and rapid dot <U+2013>ELISA to detect NMP in urine samples. The material of our study consists of 143 urine samples from bladder cancer patients, they were 118 males and 25 females. These patients were classified histopathologically (using H&E) according to the tumor type into 3 group : First group: 14 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and the NMP was detected in this group in 13/14 patients with 93% sensitivity. The second group: 124 patients with transitional cell carcinoma and the NMP was detected in 122/124 with 98% sensitivity. In conclusion, it seems clear that the dotELISA for the detection of NMP in urine is a rapid and an effective way to detect the bladder cancer. The dot ELISA as a noninvasive, effective and rapid method could be used for the early detection of the bladder cancer.