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العنوان
Chemical and technological studies on processing high nutritive value biscuit for primary school children /
المؤلف
Ghonim, Jehan Ali Awad.
هيئة الاعداد
باحث / جيهان علي عوض غنيم
مشرف / محمد عبدالحليم حسين
مشرف / محمد طه شلبي
مشرف / مني محمود خليل
الموضوع
food industries. Food - Composition - Tables.
تاريخ النشر
2002.
عدد الصفحات
88 p. :
اللغة
الإنجليزية
الدرجة
ماجستير
التخصص
علوم وتكنولوجيا الأغذية
تاريخ الإجازة
01/01/2002
مكان الإجازة
جامعة المنصورة - كلية الزراعة - Food industries department
الفهرس
Only 14 pages are availabe for public view

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from 112

Abstract

Food is necessary for life. It supplies the body with energy and nutrients required for growth and maintenance of cells, and their biological processes. Food should be adequate in quantity and quality and safe. Children in Egypt (6 ­ 10 years) represent high population rate. In Egypt and developing countries children (6 ­ 10 years) are more susceptible to malnutrition diseases than other adult peoples. So, this periods for children are the best stages through age to provide them with high healthy feeding for normal body growth and mental growth, we must be give them the balanced food in quantity and quality for normal growth. So we find children in this stage need suitable amount of edible food, quantity and quality especially in protein intake and also, caloric needs for their mental and physical exercise. Child needs about 30 ­ 40 gm protein daily with different types of essential amino acids and about 2400 caloric intake. Also, he needs calcium about 800 mg as require every day to avoid rickets, oseomalacia and gum diseases and dental caries. Children need enough amount of iron about 10 mg every day to avoid Fe deficiency anemia disease. Edible biscuits is widely spread, delicious food for children and easy intake as food take away (snacks) for all group ages from weaning age to old age. Biscuits is common widely used, so it canbe used or share in development of nutritive value by fortified or enrichment and compensate defect nutritional failure (in some elements) especially for children growth in this stage. They prefer sweaty foods and snack or backery products, where malnutrition a world problem, fortification will help in solving the problem in food and feed for children. In this research, analytical chemical and rheological properties on all different mixtures to make biscuits from them and compared it with biscuits (which made from wheat flour 72%) as compared sample control, physical and organoleptic tests to shows the best type of this characterstes and sensory evaluation. Also, evaluate the products of biscuit and determination of chemical components (composition) analysis to know the moisture content, protein, fats, ash, fiber, starch, reducing and non reducing sugar, Iron and Calcium as minerals. Also, essential amino acids and biological value of protein. The amount of biscuits product of different samples which sufficient to cover the daily requirement as recommoned (FAO/WHO) of essential amino acids, energy, iron and calcium for children between (6 ­ 10 years) and identified ­ the biological value of protein for each sample. Results showed the best four samples of biscuits which are sufficient for daily requirement arranged as the following successive:­ 1­?First sample (No. 10) consisted of 75% wheat flour (72% extract.) + 5% de­fatted soy bean flour + 15% chick pea flour + 5% skim milk powder. 2­?Second sample (No. 9) which consist of 75% wheat flour (75% extract.) + 15% de­fatted soy bean + 5% chick pea flour + 5% skim milk powder. 3­?Third sample (No. 12) which consist of 75% wheat flour (72% extract.) + 15% Lupinus termis flour + 5% malt flour + 5% skim milk powder. 4­?Fourth sample (No. 7) which consist of 75% wheat flour (72% extract.) + 5% Lupinus termis flour + 15% chick pea flour + 5% skim milk powder. Data revealed that 535.7 g. from first sample as food stuff sufficient to cover the daily requirement allowances from essential amino acids, 215% iron, 64% calcium nearly energy requirement. While its (BV) biological value was 93.81. Also, results illustrated that second sample gave daily requirement allowances from essential amino acids, 388% iron, 64% calcium and daily energy requirement when consumed 548.8 g. as food stuff. While its BV was 86.27. Results indicated that 624.1 g. from third sample gave daily requirement from essential amino acids, 106% iron, 10% calcium, 98.5% daily energy requirement. The BV of this sample was 84.79. The fourth sample which contain wheat flour, Lupinus termis, chick pea and skim milk powder, 703.1 g. from this sample cover the daily requirement from essential amino acids, 157% iron, 66.0% calcium and 112% energy requirement. While its BV of this sample was 70.54. Taking in consideration that these samples show good acceptability for physical and organoleptic properties behind their low cost value.