الفهرس 
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Abstract
CKD is an abnormality in kidney structure or function for more than 3 months. It is associated with the development of mineral bone disorder (MBD), osteoporosis, and fragility fractures. Among CKD patients, adynamic bone disease or low bone turnover is the most common type of renal osteodystrophy. CKD-MBD includes abnormalities of calcium, phosphorus, PTH. Beyond hemostasis and thrombosis, an increasing number of studies indicate that platelets play an integral role in intercellular communication, mediating inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Under uncontrolled pathological conditions, they have profound roles in pathogenic processes underlying atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, uncontrolled inflammation, tumor metastasis, and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease.