الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A total no of 39 Sea Turtles (30 Red eared turtle and 9 Green Turtle) collected from (Red
sea , Pet stores and Giza zoo ). and 45 water samples collected from the same habitat of
examined turtle . Isolates were identified as Aeromonas Hydrophila ,Vibrio alginolyticus.
The Total prevalence of Aeromonas hydrophila among all examined Sea turtle species were
(33.3%) while Total Prevalnce of Vibrio alginolyticus were(15.4%) . Out of 45 Water
samples , 14 sample were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila with a percent of (31%) and 4
samples (8.8%) were identified as Vibrio alginolyticus. The highest percent of infection
detected in isolates from Red sea. The total Buccal Positive Aeromonas hydrophila isolates
from Green Turtle were 4(57%) and Red eared turtle were 10(52.6%) from total positive
isolates while Cloacal isolates from Greenturtle were 3(42.9%)and Red eared turtle Cloacal
positive isolates were 9 (47.4%). The total Buccal Positive vibrio alginolyticus isolates from
Green Turtle were 1(33.3%) and Red eared turtle were 4(44.4%) from total positive
isolates while Cloacal isolates from Greenturtle were 2(66.6%)and Red eared turtle Cloacal
positive isolates were 5 (55.5%).
Antimicrobial sensitivity tests revealed that isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila were highly
sensitivity to Norfloxacin (12/14) (85.71%) , Gentamycin 10/14 (71.42%) and Ceftriaxone
9/14 (64.28%), While show highly resistant to Amoxicillin 9/14 (64.28%) , Ampicillin and
Rifamycin (8/14) 57.14%. PCR assay of 20 isolates were genetically confirmed, 14
Aeromonas hydrophila isolates were positive to 16SrRNA gene at 625 bp and 5 positive
isolates of vibrio alginolyticus genetically confirmed by collagenase gene.
. asignificant five virulence gene have been detected in examined Aeromonas hydrophila
isolates including, aerolysin was detected in 92.8% (13/14) of isolates with a specific band at
326bp, act ,alt was detected in 85.7%(12/14) with a specific band at 232,442 bp Respectively,
lipase was detected in 78.5% (11/14) with a specific band at 382 bp While Ahcytoen was
detected in 100% (14/14) with a specific band at 232 bp. This study showed that presence of
antibiotic resistance genes in A. hydrophila isolates which encoded as (blaTEM, blaSHV,
were detected in 42.86% (6/14) at 516 bp, 28.5% (4/14) at 392 bp., respectively. The
sequence results of A. hydrophila isolate showed 99% identity with the reference strains
reported on Gene Bank. The obtained nucleotide sequences were submitted in the Gene
Bank with accession number (MW255045) and (MW254993) . By measuring the innate
immunity in Sea turtles detected that turtle have a good immune system which can protect
them from infection.