الفهرس 
Wastewater treatment
A. Organic matter removalOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Wastewater treatment faces a growing challenge in removing nutrients and organic matter due to their adverse impact on aquatic systems. Consequently, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system in removing nutrients and organic matter from municipal wastewater at different carrier filling ratios and hydraulic retention times (HRT). To reach the optimal filling ratio, BOD5, COD, and NH4+ removal efficiencies were examined at different filling ratios of 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60%. The optimum filling ratio was 30 to 45%, with removal efficiencies of 83.07%, 78.52%, and 50.76%, respectively. Additionally, the effect of HRT in the range of 6 to 10 hours was studied at the optimal filling ratio. The result indicates that the removal efficiency of BOD5, COD, and NH4+-N increases with the increase of HRT,