الفهرس 
Aim of The WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Sofosbuvir is a promising drug for hepatitis C treatment. Sofosbuvir
is classified as a direct-acting nucleotide polymerase inhibitor that inhibits
HCV replication through inhibition of NS5B RNA polymerase (Abdeen et
al,2019).
Sofosbuvir is a prodrug, entering circulation as a
monophosphorylated uridine nucleotide analog and then transforms to active
form of the drug 5′-triphosphate which binds to NS5B RNA polymerase, and
it is incorporated into the viral RNA, resulting in termination of viral RNA
synthesis (Summer et al,2014).
Sofosbuvir treatment manifests prevalent side effects as memory
impairment, gastrointestinal reflux, dyspnea, chest pain, muscle spasm,
blurred vision, depression, migraine, and alopecia (Hosny et al,2021).
Graviola is a small evergreen tree. Native to tropical areas of Central
and South America, and it belongs to Annonaceae family, Annona genus and
muricata species. Graviola has many beneficial effects as anticancer,
antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects as it includes
different classes of annonaceous acetogenins (metabolites and products of
the polyketide pathway), alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, and others (Ioannis
et al,.2015).
The potent antioxidant effect graviola is due to its ability to prevent
reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cellular damage and protection of
the cell against development of many diseases (George et al.,2015).
Deficiency of histological studies on the effect of Sofosbuvir and
Graviola extract on the parotid gland is the motivation to our present study
to investigate the histological effect of Sofosbuvir on the parotid gland of
adult male albino rat and the possible protective effect of Graviola extract.
Material and methods:
Drugs
A. Sovaldi (sofosbuvir, a product of Gilead sciences, foster City,
California, United States) is available as 400mg oral tablet.
B. Graviola extract is a product of NP-Vital UK available as tablets
2000 mg were purchased online from amazon France.
Animals
Forty (40) adult male albino rats, aged 3months, weighing nearly 170-
200gms were used in the present study. They were housed in stainless steel
cages at room temperature with Strict care and hygiene.