الفهرس 
Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Schistosomiasis is still a major public health problem, affecting millions in
tropical countries especially in Africa and about 236.6 million people
required preventive treatment in 2019. More than 200,000 deaths per year
are due to schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa. It also accounts for over
1.8 million disability adjusted life years, the third highest global burden.
In 2019, the world was affected by COVID-19 global pandemic, and many
vaccines were developed to control this serious disease. The scientific and
public health community must combat COVID-19, but not at the expense of
ignoring research on acute and chronic parasitic infections, as well as their
control and preventive programs.
Coronavirus vaccine induces Th cell responses mainly with predominance of
Th1 cells and less Th2 response, so the immune reaction of COVID vaccine
may interact with the pathogenesis of acute and chronic schistosomiasis. The
mRNA vaccine can serve as both immunogen and adjuvant, owing to the
intrinsic immune stimulatory properties of RNA. Also, the lipid nanoparticle
is an immune stimulant. The mRNA vaccine is the best alternative
among all COVID vaccines because it shows no side effects, very effective,
high potency, safety capacity for rapid clinical development, and potential
for rapid low-cost manufacturing.