الفهرس 
Diabetes mellitusOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
DM is a chronic metabolic defect characterized by hyperglycemia,
affecting metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins due to
deficiencies in insulin releasing or efficacy (Shaik et al., 2022). Cognition
is the rational process of information acquisition and recognition through
thought, feeling, practice, and proficiency (Damanik and Yunir, 2021).
T2DM may be associated with impaired cognitive function such as problem
solving, planning, organization, insight, reasoning as well as intentions
(Lam et al., 2014).
Janumet ® Film-coated tablets are available for oral administration
in strengths of 1000 mg and 50 mg of metformin hydrochloride and
sitagliptin phosphate respectively (Schnaars et al., 2023).
The present work aims to study and compare the possible effect of
glycemic control by using insulin and janumet drugs on neurocognitive
dysfunctions in experimentally-induced T2DM in rats.
To achieve this aim, fifty adult male albino rats of a local strain were
used in this study, rats were equally divided into the following experimental
five groups (10 rats each) following seven days of aclimatization: (1)
Normal non-treated group (Control). (2) Control janumet-treated group
(Janumet), taking 4ml /kg/day of janumet via oesophageal gavage for 4
weeks. (3) Diabetic non-treated group (Diabetic), offering them to HFD for
2 weeks followed by I.P injection of STZ in a dose of 35mg/Kg. B.W. (4)
Diabetic insulin-treated group (Diabetic+ Insulin), taking10-20 IU/kg of insulin according to their FBG. (5) Diabetic janumet-treated group
(Diabetic+ Janumet), taking Janumet as in Janumet group.
After treatment, rats were subjected to assessment the spatial
memory and learning by using Morris water maze and Y-maze tests and
then retro orbital blood samples were collected to measure the glycemic
state markers (FBG, HbA1C, serum insulin and HOMA-IR), lipid profile
markers (serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides and serum HDL) and
serum TAC level.
After which, rats were sacrified by cervical dislocation, their brains
were extracted and each brain was divided into 2 equal halves. The right
half was weighed and prepared for tissue homogenization for estimation of
the anti-oxidant activity of the enzyme SOD, lipid peroxidation marker
(MDA), TNF-𝛼 and IL-1B. The left half will be fixed in 10% formalin
saline for histopathological study of the hippocampal tissue using H&E
stain.
In the present study, the diabetic non-treated group showed
significant elevations in FBG, HbA1C, HOMA-IR, serum cholesterol,
serum triglyceride, MDA, TNF-α and IL-1B associated with significant
reductions in serum insulin, serum HDL, serum TAC, SOD and impairment
of the neurobehavioral tests when compared with the corresponding values
in the control janumet-treated group and normal non-treated group.
Diabetic insulin-treated group and diabetic janumet-treated group
revealed significant reductions in FBG, HbA1C, HOMA-IR, serum
cholesterol, serum triglyceride, MDA, TNF-α and IL-1B associated with
significant elevations in serum insulin, serum HDL, serum TAC, SOD and
improvement of the neurobehavioral tests when compared with the
corresponding values in the diabetic non-treated group.