الفهرس 
The vertebral columnOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
: Hystrectomy is the second most common gynecological surgery. There is lack of studies evaluating epidural anesthesia as a pain control method. Color flow duplex (CFD) is a noninvasive way to perform accurate puncture for the epidural anesthesia. Aim: to discuss the application of CFD in epidural catheter in hysterectomy.
Methods: This is a prospective study on female patients undergoing hysterectomy under epidural anesthesia. patients aged 30-70 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I, II irrespective to body weight or poorly defined surface lumbar bone anatomy. Primary outcome: Low degree of perception of pain after two hours of operation. Secondary outcomes inludes level of epidural catheter insertion, maximum upper sensory block to ice, and quality of analgesia using VNRS (verbal numerical rating scale).