الفهرس 
Aim of studyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Aim of study
The present study aims to investigate the potential effects of using different plant parts (psyllium husks, green coffee, and orange peels) as diet supplement on obesity and its complications in rats.
Experimental design
Rats (n= 60 rats), were housed individually in wire cages in a room maintained at 25 ± 4 0C and kept under normal healthy conditions. All rats were fed on BD for one-week before starting the experiment for acclimatization. After one week period, the rats were divided into two main groups, the first group, normal control, (group 1, 5 rats) still fed on BD and the other main group (55 rats) was used for obesity induction by feed with diet-induced obesity (DIO) for four weeks then classified into eleven equal sub groups as follow:
• group 2 (G2), model control, fed on BD only as a positive control (rats with obesity).
• Groups 3 and 4 (G3 and G4) fed BD containing 2.5 and 5% of psyllium husk powder, respectively
• Groups 5 and 6 (G5 and G6) fed containing 2.5 and 5% of green coffee powder, respectively.
• Groups 7 and 8 (G7 and G8) fed BD containing 2.5 and 5% of orange peels powder, respectively.
• Groups 9 and 10 (G9 and G10) fed BD containing 2.5 and 5% of Mix powder (mixture of psyllium husk, orange peel and green coffee powders by equal parts), respectively,
• Groups 11 and 12 (G11 and G12) fed BD containing 1 and 2 % of selected dietary supplement powder, respectively.
Results and Discussion
Effect of a dietary intervention with psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels powder and their mixture on body weight (BW), feed intake (FI) and feed efficiency ratio (FER) of obese rats
Feeding of rats on HFD (model control) for 4 weeks leads to increase the BWG, FI and FER than the normal group by the rate of 161.7, 47.6 and 79.1%, respectively.
Intervention with selected plant parts such psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels and their mixture (2.5 and 5%) in feeding rats for 4 weeks led to significantly (p≤0.05) decrease on the BWG, FI and FER of the obese rats (model control) by different rates.
The best results for all previous measures were recorded in the groups of rats that were fed on a mixture of selected plant parts, followed by the groups that were fed on green coffee, orange peel and psyllium husks, respectively.
Also, the feeding intervention with a mixture of plant parts was more effective in reducing BWG, FI, and ER when compared to one of the dietary supplements commonly used in this regard (CHROMAX). Furthermore, the rate of decreasing in BWG, FI and FER of the obese rats as the result of plant parts intervention were exhibited a dose- dependent manner.
Effect of psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels powder and their mixture on internal organs weight of obese rats
Feeding of rats on HFD (model control) for 4 weeks leads to increase the weight of liver, kidney and heart than the normal group by the rate of 44, 97.5 and 33.3%, respectively.
Intervention with selected plant parts such psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels and their mixture (2.5 and 5%) in feeding rats for 8 weeks led to significantly (p≤0.05) decrease the weight of liver, kidney and heart of the obese rats by different rates.
The best results for all previous measures were recorded in the groups of rats that were fed on a mixture of selected plant parts and green coffee, followed by the groups that were fed on orange peel and psyllium husks, respectively.
Also, the nutritional intervention with a mixture of plant parts and green coffee were more effective in reducing the organ weight when compared to one of the dietary supplements commonly used in this regard (CHROMAX). Furthermore, the rate of decreasing in organ weight of the obese rats as the result of plant parts intervention was exhibited a dose- dependent manner.
Effect of psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels powder and their mixture on Blood picture of obese
Feeding of rats on HFD (model control) for 4 weeks leads to decrease the hemoglobin and RBCs than the normal group by the rate of -34.4 and -46.7%, respectively. The opposite direction was observed for platelet and WBCs.
Intervention with selected plant parts such psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels and their mixture (2.5 and 5%) in feeding rats for 4 weeks led to significantly (p≤0.05) increase the hemoglobin and RBCs and decrease the platelet and WBCs of the obese rats (model control) by different rates.
The best results for all previous measures were recorded in the groups of rats that were fed on a mixture of selected plant parts and green coffee followed by the groups that were fed on orange peel and psyllium husks, respectively.
Also, the nutritional intervention with a mixture of plant parts and green coffee were more effective in improving the CBC when compared to one of the dietary supplements commonly used in this regard (CHROMAX). Furthermore, the rate of decreasing in RBCs and Hb and increasing in WBCs and platelets of the obese rats as the result of plant parts intervention were exhibited a dose- dependent manner.
Effect of psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels powder and their mixture on liver functions of obese rat
Obesity induced a significant increased (p≤0.05) in AST (147%), ALT (163.2%) and ALP (107.6%) compared to normal group. Intervention with selected plant parts such psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels and their mixture (2.5 and 5%) in feeding rats for 4 weeks led to significantly (p≤0.05) decrease on the AST, ALT and ALP of the obese rats by different rates.
The best results for all previous measures were recorded in the groups of rats that were fed on a mixture of selected plant parts, followed by the groups that were fed on green coffee, psyllium husks and orange peel, respectively.
Also, the feeding intervention with the all tested plant parts and their mixture was more effective in reducing AST, ALT and ALP when compared to one of the dietary supplements commonly used in this regard (CHROMAX). Furthermore, the rate of decreasing in AST, ALT and ALP of the obese rats as the result of plant parts intervention were exhibited a dose- dependent manner.
Effect of psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels powder and their mixture on glucose levels of obese rat
Obesity induced a significant increased (p≤0.05) in serum glucose (151.5%) compared to normal controls. Intervention with selected plant parts such psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels and their mixture (2.5 and 5%) in feeding rats for 4 weeks led to significantly (p≤0.05) decrease on the glucose level of the obese rats by different rates.
The best results for all previous measures were recorded in the groups of rats that were fed on a mixture of selected plant parts, followed by the groups that were fed on green coffee, psyllium husks and orange peel, respectively.
Also, the feeding intervention with the all tested plant parts and their mixture was more effective in reducing blood glucose when compared to one of the dietary supplements commonly used in this regard. Furthermore, the rate of decreasing in blood glucose of the obese rats as the result of plant parts intervention were exhibited a dose- dependent manner.
Effect of psyllium husks, green coffee, orange peels powder and their mixture on major blood proteins of obese rat
Obesity induced a significant decreased (p≤0.05) in serum albumin (-63.9%) and globulin (-51.7%) compared to normal controls. Intervention with selected plant parts such psylli