الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The World Health Organization ranks diabetic retinopathy, a vascular disease of the retina, as the fourth leading cause of blindness globally. Extensive peripheral retinal capillary ischemia causes neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Neovascular glaucoma, tractional retinal detachment, vitreous haemorrhage, and new vessels may develop anywhere in the retina, including the disc, iris, or other areas. Treatment for PDR involves pan retinal photocoagulation (PRP) and anti-VEFGs, but pars plana vitrectomy is necessary for tractional epiretinal gliosis that threatens or affects the macula.
Concerning intraoperative feasibility, capacity to completely remove pre-retinal membranes, operating time of PPV, and complications, this research aimed to compare trimanual vitrectomy with bimanual vitrectomy in instances with complex proliferative diabetic retinopathy needing surgical therapy (intraoperative bleeding and iatrogenic retinal tears).
This case series was an interventional prospective randomised study. Forty eyes were operated on for tractional retinal detachment (TRD) if the fibrovascular membranes were three disc diameters or larger, whether vitreous haemorrhage was present or not, or if the TRD was coupled with rhegmatogenous detachment. The macula was also included in these cases.