الفهرس 
الفصل الأول مقدمة البحثيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Values play a major role in the progress and cohesion of society. They increase the development of a sense of social responsibility and commitment to internal discipline. Moral and social values are directives and energies for individual and collective action that control the behavior of individuals and form them as a social unit. Social values such as equality, justice, rejection of violence, sacrifice, and altruism play a role in the unity and cohesion of society and avoiding chaos. The spread of injustice and selfishness. A society that possesses a value system possesses most of the elements of progress and advancement that qualify it to face the challenges of the times and help it predict the behavior of its members in light of their value structure and previous response in different situations.
Scientific research and contemporary technology have become essential for developing our modern society and reaching the highest levels in all areas of life by identifying the individual’s abilities and different energies in an attempt to achieve the greatest possible benefit from scientific theories and explorations and adapting them to serve society and its development.
Despite scientific progress in various medical sciences and the adoption of modern methods of treatment and the provision of devices and specialists in the preventive and therapeutic fields, sports injuries are still increasing and pose a certain risk to the level of athletes’ performance in various activities and games. Sports injuries often occur during competitions and in training and are increasing. The more intense the sports competition, especially the injuries to the musculoskeletal system.
Biomechanics is considered at the forefront of the sciences concerned with studying and analyzing human motor performance within the framework of factors affecting performance directly and indirectly, whether these factors are biological, physiological, anatomical, training factors, or mechanical factors, aiming to reach the most appropriate biomechanical solutions to motor problems. Known for research, study, and generalization of the information gained about the most appropriate performing art.
The anchoring phase passes through three moments, beginning with the heel of the foot contacting the ground, then anchoring the foot as a whole, and ending with pushing with the insteps and toes. It is noted that the distribution of force during the fulcrum is at the rate of the body for each of the two big toes in both feet, meaning that these two bear approximately the weight of the body, and this is of great importance in discussing the effect of injury on the mechanics of walking.
The moment the heel of the foot contacts the ground takes about 15% of the total time of the step, while the foot as a whole rests for a time of up to (15%: 30%) of the step. Also, in the case of normal walking (i.e. at a speed of 156 meters/s), the moment of propulsion reaches 3% of the total time.
These times may be used to diagnose the organic causes of performance errors in many cases. The speed of the body decreases during the pivot phase in general, as a result of the foot’s heel colliding with the ground and the body being loaded onto it, then it returns again at the beginning of the moment of pushing with the combs and fingers.
It turns out that Swedish exercises are one of the most popular types of resistance training, and they include strength training against body weight, strength training against weights, strength training using equipment, and strength training with the help of rubber.
Through my work as a rehabilitation specialist, I noticed that most of the people who visit rehabilitation centers with lower back pain are elderly people, and that the rehabilitation programs lack the patient’s motor biomechanical variables. This is the focus of my study, as the rehabilitation program is complete with therapeutic exercises and biomechanical variables, and the extent of the impact of the proposed program on the research variables.
Search objective:
The research aims to identify the effect of a movement rehabilitation program to treat lower back pain on the biomechanics of walking movement in elderly people.
Search questions:
1 - There are statistically significant differences between the averages of the pre- and post-measurements of the experimental research group in the effect of the proposed program on the range of motion of the spine of the individuals in the sample under study, in favor of the post-measurement.
2 - There are statistically significant differences between the averages of the pre- and post-measurements for the experimental research group in the effect of the proposed program on reducing the severity of pain for the individuals in the sample under study, in favor of the post-measurement.
Research Methodology :
The researcher used the experimental method due to its suitability to the nature of the research. He used one of the experimental designs, which is the experimental design for one experimental group, following the pre- and post-measurements.
Research community and sample:
The research community includes:
The research population included elderly people with lower back pain from (52 to 60) years old, and the research sample included (6) elderly people with lower back pain at the university sports stadium, where the researcher selected a deliberate sample from one group by following the pre- and post-measurement. The research population consisted of (3) elderly people with low back pain as an experimental group, (3) exploratory sample, and a medical examination was conducted on the members of the research sample to detect low back pain to confirm that they had low back pain using the measurements under study. The researcher followed the implementation of the proposed motor rehabilitation program with the sample under study.
Search application steps:
The implementation of the training programs took (12) weeks, and was implemented in the period from Sunday, corresponding to April 2, 2023 AD, to Thursday, corresponding to June 22, 2023 AD. The researcher took care to apply the proposed motor rehabilitation exercises related to the rehabilitation of lower back pain for the sample under study. Which was presented to the experts and included in the proposed motor rehabilitation programme.
Conclusions and Recommendations
First, the conclusions:
Within the limits of the nature of the research field and its purpose, and in light of the research questions, the methodology used, the frame of reference from theoretical studies and scientific research, and the nature of the sample, the following conclusions were reached:
5/0/1 The proposed movement rehabilitation program led to significant healing of lower back pain
5/0/2 For the dimensional measurement, the average vertically based potential energy (627.41) with a standard deviation (7.70) with the highest value (642.45), the weighted average of the vertical potential energy (631.10) with a standard deviation (10.61) with the highest value (647.27), the step average for potential energy Vertically (628.55) with a standard deviation (8.74) with the highest value (647.27), the average fulcrum of potential energy horizontally (23.51) with a standard deviation (201.14) with the highest value (348.32).
5/0/3 The post-measurement value of the first case of the test of spinal flexibility in front reached (25 cm), the value of flexibility of the spine in the back (17 cm), the value of flexibility of the spine right and left (37 cm), the value of dynamic flexibility of the spine (12), the value of a degree Pain (2), for the second case of testing the flexibility of the spine in front (30 cm), the value of flexibility of the spine in the back (18 cm), the value of flexibility of the spine right and left (42 cm), the value of dynamic flexibility of the spine (11), the value of pain degree (1) For the third case of testing the flexibility of the spine in front (28 cm), the value of flexibility of the spine in the back (16 cm), the value of flexibility of the spine right and left (34 cm), the value of dynamic flexibility of the spine (11), the value of pain degree (2).
5/0/4 Average fulcrum for the right knee angle (157.10) with a standard deviation (17.90) with the highest value (179.42), weighted average for the right knee angle (125.30) with a standard deviation (17.79) with the highest value (153.12), average step for the right knee angle (147.26) ) with a standard deviation (23.09) with the highest value (179.42), the average fulcrum of the right knee speed (40.66) with a standard deviation (156.56) with the highest value (435.35).
5/0/5 Average weighted average of the vertical position of the general center of gravity of the body (0.89) with a standard deviation (0.01) with the highest value (0.91), average Stepping to the vertical position of the general center of gravity of the body (0.89) with a standard deviation of (0.01) with the highest value (0.92), the average fulcrum of the resultant velocity of the general center of gravity of the body (1.00) with a standard deviation of (0.11) with the highest value of (1.27)
5/0/6 The number of cadres for the first communication is (1:11) a cadre with a time of (0.33 s), the number of cadres for responding to the load is (12:16) a cadre with a time of (0.15 s), the number of intermediate support cadres is (17:19) a cadre With a time of (0.09 seconds), the number of cadres of the shift support (20: 24), a cadre with a time of (0.15 s), the number of cadres of the initial weighting for the second dual fulcrum (25: 29), a cadre with a time of (0.15 s), the number of cadres of the initial weighting (30). : 34) Frame with a time of (0.15 seconds), number of middle weight frames (35: 37), frame with time of (0.09 seconds), number of transition weight frames (38: 42), frame with a time of (0.15 seconds), with a total of (42) steps in length. (67 cm), with a total time of (1.26 seconds)
Second: Recommendations:
In light of the results of the current research, the following recommendations can be formulated:
5/1/1 Special recommendations:
5/1/1/1 The researcher recommends implementing the proposed motor rehabilitation program in general.
5/1/1/2 Paying attention to those suffering from lower back pain and not ignoring these injuries.
5/1/2 General recommendations:
5/1/2/1 Paying attention to designing movement rehabilitation programs according to the results of research in general and those suffering from lower back pain in particular.
5/1/2/2 Interest in conducting studies and research in the field of proposed rehabilitation programs.
5/1/2/4 Focus more on transitional training and increase their number in other programs.