الفهرس 
• Anatomy of the Retina and Optic Nerve headOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness both worldwide and
in the Western World. Since glaucomatous damage is preventable but
irreversible, an early diagnosis and close follow-up of glaucoma patients are
primordial.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) is a recently
developed, noninvasive imaging modality that detects blood flow through the
motion contrast generated by red blood cells. It can be used to provide a
quantitative assessment of the microcirculation of the retina and choroid in
various layers. Since glaucoma development and progression are both linked to
the loss of retinal vessel density (as either a primary or a secondary effect), this
technology has the potential to bring forward new information about the
pathophysiology of glaucoma, as well as to help clinicians with glaucoma
diagnosis and management.
Currently, there are 2 groups of complementary exams used for the diagnosis
and follow-up of glaucoma patients: structural (where OCT has a considerable
role) and functional (visual field) optic nerve measurements. Both technologies
have strengths and limitations. OCT is not dependent on patient response and
therefore provides objective information on retinal layers’ thickness, with a high
repeatability and reproducibility. However, there is a floor effect for OCT in
advanced glaucoma when the OCT parameters reach a base level beyond which
little change is seen with increasing severity of glaucoma.
So, The Aim of this study is to compare perfusion of the optic disc between
normal subjects and subjects with glaucoma (POAG) using OCT-A in order to
detect changes in perfusion of the optic disc.
To elucidate our aim, this study was prospective study conducted on 20 of
healthy subjects and patients with Primary open angle glaucoma to analysis optic
nerve head vasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography in
Ophthalmology department of Menoufia university hospital, Menoufia, Egypt
Summary
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during the period time from April 2022 to May 2023.
All patients were submitted to: History taking for the Age, Sex,
residence, Complete ophthalmic examination as: Auto-refraction assessment,
Anterior segment examination by slit lamp examination and Intra-Ocular
Pressure assessment using applanation tonometer to know whether the disease
status is controlled or not. Evaluation of Optical Coherence Tomography
Angiography: Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography was performed for
all subjects included by a swept source-based OCT angiography instrument to
obtain images for quantification of optic disc perfusion and to assess retinal nerve
fiber layer thickness. The following parameters were provided: Optic Disc
Perfusion: measured as Radial Peripapillary Capillaries Vessel Density (RPC
Density) and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) Thickness. Optic nerve head
(ONH) Analysis.
The results of this study could be summarized as follow:
• There was no significant difference between the normal and glaucoma groups
regarding whole image, superior hemi density, inferior hemi density and
peripapillary density (p>0.05).
• there was a highly statistically significant difference between normal group
and glaucoma group regarding C/D V ratio and IOP (p<0.05) while that there
was non-statistically significant difference between normal group and
glaucoma group regarding RNFLT and inside disc (p>0.05).
• There was a highly significant correlation between whole image and sub
hemi, INF hemi, peripapillary density, RNFL and IOP (P<0.05). There was
non-significant correlation between whole image and age and C/D V Ratio (P
> 0.05).
• There was a highly significant correlation between SUP HEMI and Whole
image, INF hemi, peripapillary density, RNFL and IOP (P < 0.05). There was
non-significant correlation between SUP HEMI and age and C/D V Ratio (P
> 0.05).
Summary
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• There was a highly significant correlation between superior hemi and whole
image, SUP HEMI and peripapillary density, RNFL Cup/Disc V ratio and
IOP (P < 0.05). There was a non-significant correlation between sub hemi and
age (P > 0.05).
• There was a highly significant correlation between eye and peripapillary
density (P<0.05). There was a non-significant correlation between eye and
Sex, IOP, C/D V ratio, RNFLT, whole image, inside disc, SUP HEMI, and
INF HEMI (P > 0.05).
• There was a highly significant correlation between C/D V ratio and RNFLT
(P<0.05). There was a non-significant correlation between C/D V Ratio and
inside disc (P > 0.05).
• There was a highly significant correlation between inside disc and INF HEMI
(P<0.05). There was a non-significant correlation between inside disc and
whole image, peripapillary density and SUP HEMI (P>0.05).