الفهرس 
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Abstract
Bacillus mycobacterium tuberculosis is the source of the infectious disease TB, which is spread through air. Although it usually affects the lungs (pulmonary TB), extrapulmonary TB may also affect other areas. Of estimated two-three billion people infected with M. tuberculosis, only five–fifteen percent will experience TB disease at some point in their lives. Yet, HIV-positive individuals have a substantially increased chance of developing TB.
One of the most typical forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is tuberculous pleural effusion. delayed hypersensitivity reaction to mycobacterial antigens in pleural space is an immediate reason for effusion.
Because of the paucibacillary nature of the disease, the majority of cases go undetected.
Persistent cough lasting two weeks or longer, unexplained fever lasting two weeks or longer, unjustified weight loss, with or without night sweats, chest pain, & radiographic evidence of pleural effusion are among the clinical & radiological requirements.
The gold standard for diagnosis is conventional procedures, including culture on solid & liquid media, however, they have longer turnaround times.
This study included 101 patients presented with pleural effusion. suspected to be tuberculous who presented to El Maamoura Chest Hospital, Alexandria Governorate, Egypt. Comparison among results of gene X-pert to LJ culture as a gold standard was done on 101 specimens.
Out of 101 patients, the GeneX-pert MTB/RIF showed 28 (27.73%) positive cases, and 73(72.27%) patients were negative. While acid-fast bacilli (AFB) showed 5 (5%) positive cases and about 96 (95%) patients were negative.
In this study, GeneX-pert presented high sensitivity (92%), and specificity (93.42%), with positive predictive value (82.14 percent), & negative predictive value (97.26%), although acid-fast bacilli exposed sensitivity (twenty percent), specificity (one hundred percent), with positive predictive value (one hundred percent), & negative predictive value (79.17%).
In this study, we tried to demonstrate that using the gene expert MTB /RIF test is a time-efficient method for identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria & mutations of Rifambicin (RIF) resistance on the same day.