الفهرس 
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Abstract
TCD Being a safe, simple and repeatable test without radiation exposure to the patient that has proven its value in evaluation of the state of the intracerebral circulation .
Thalassemia and SCD represent the most common types of congenital hemoglobinopathies , patients with those conditions show evidence of hypercoagulable state and increased risk of vascular thrombosis , including CVSs .
In our prospective study we studied 100 child patients , aged from 2 years up to 16 years of age , of which 60 patients were previously diagnosed with thalassemia and 40 patients with SCD . TCD was done using (Toshiba aplio 500 ) ultrasound machine in evaluating cerebral blood flow velocities as indicator of vascular stenosis and increased risk of stroke . Also we aimed to correlate those velocities with other different studied disease-related data including type of hemoglobinopathy , blood transfusion , and splenomegaly/splenectomy ) .
No significant correlation with age and gender of the patients were detected. Overall higher velocities were detected at SCD patient compared to thalassemic patients , Also overall higher velocities were detected among patients with irregular blood transfusion compared to regular ones . Our study detected significant correlation between splenic enlargement and higher blood flow . On the other hand splenectomy has no significant correlation with the blood flow velocities.
In conclusion ; It must be mentioned that by only using TCD no one can confidently predict stroke risk in patients. However, TCD informs us about the health of more proximal larger intracerebral arteries, but evaluation of the distal segments of cerebral arteries and the cortical arteries is not possible , That’s why further long-term studies proximal larger intracerebral arteries, but evaluation of the distal segments of cerebral with repeated TCD follow up is recommended in correlation with MRI and/or cerebral angiography also may be of great value in order to assess silent stroke.