الفهرس 
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Abstract
Menorrhagia is a medical term used to describe the heavy menstrual bleeding experienced by some women during menstrual cycle and occurs when the women need to change the pad every two hours or when the menstrual bleeding continues for 7 days or more. Menorrhagia is one of the most frequently encountered symptoms in gynecology and defined as occurrence of menstrual periods at regular cycle but with excessive blood flow of more than 80 mL in each cycle and that affects the physical, social, emotional and marital status of the women .
The current study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of educational guidelines on women’s knowledge and self-care practices regarding menorrhagia.
Research Design:
A quasi-experimental study design (time series study, one group) was followed to fulfill the aim of the study.
Setting:
The study was conducted at obstetrics and gynecology out patient clinic affiliated to Benha University Hospital
Sampling:
Sample type: A convenient sample.
Sample size: The sample size included all women suffered from menorrhagia and attended to the previous setting for a period of six months and included 100 women.
Tools of data collection:
Two tools were used to collect data and included:-
Tool( I): A structured interviewing questionnaire, was designed by the researcher under guidance of supervisors and consisted of six parts:-
Part (1): Assessed women’s personal data and included7questions e.g. (age, residence, educational level, income.... ,etc). Part (2): Assessed women’s menstrual history and involved 7. questions as (age of menarche, duration of menstruation, period between menstrual cycles, regularity of menstruation, the number of pads used per day……., etc). Part (3): Assessed women’s history of contraceptive method and included 5 questions as (contraceptive method used before, contraceptive method used now,any complication with contraceptive…..,etc). Part (4): Assessed women’s family history and encompassed 4 questions as (family history of menorrhagia , history of menstrual disorder……,etc). Part (5): Assessed women’s clinical data about menorrhagia and involved 10 questions as (lower abdominal pain, tiredness during menstruation, shortness of breath during menstruation …….,etc) . Part (6): Assessed Women’s knowledge regarding menorrhagia and involved 20 questions that divided into 3 sections as follow:
Section (A) women’s knowledge about the menstrual cycle involved 9 questions.
Section (B) women’s knowledge about menorrhagia, it encompassed 7 questions.
Section (C) women’s knowledge about the treatment of menorrhagia, it involved 4 questions.
Tool II: Women’s self care practices regarding menorrhagia for assessing self-care practice of women with heavy menstrual period and included 47 items that divided into 5 parts as following: Part (A) Pharmacological regimen involved 13 items, Part( B) Diet involved 15 items, Part(c ) Personal hygiene involved 8 items, Part (D) Sports included7 items, Part(E)Psychological pressure included 4 items.
The current study revealed that
-Three fifths of studied women aged ≥ 35 years old with mean age 33.03±10.91, more than half of them were from rural areas and half secondary education and more than two thirds of them were housewives.
-Most of women had their menarche at age 12<14 years and had regular period between menstruation.
-More than two thirds of women use intrauterine contraceptive device and majority of them had complication from it. Also, all of the studied women didn’t have family history of menorrhagia.
-There was statistically significant improvement in all items of women’ knowledge about menstrual cycle, menorrhagia and treatment of menorrhagia post intervention and at follow up phase of program implementation compared with pre-program implementation.
-Also, more than two thirds of the studied women had unsatisfactory self-care practices pre-intervention while, more than three quarters of them had satisfactory self-care practices post-intervention and at follow-up phases.
-There was no statistically significant relation between total knowledge score of studied women and age, residence, marital status, monthly income and type of family at pre, post and follow-up phases.
-There was a highly statistical significant relations between studied women’s total self-care practices score and residence, educational level and monthly income pre-intervention.
-Moreover, there was a positive statistically significant correlation between total knowledge and total self-care practices scores regarding menorrhagia at pre, post and at follow-up phase of program intervention.
Conclusion
Based on the results of the current study, it could be concluded that there was statistically significant improvement in all items of women’ knowledge regarding menorrhagia at post intervention and at follow up phase of educational guidelines compared with pre-intervention. Also, there was highly statistically significant difference between mean scores of total self-care practices sections regarding menorrhagia at pre, post and at follow up phases. Additionally, there was no statistical significant relation between studied women’s total knowledge score and age, residence, marital status, monthly income and type of family pre, post and at follow-up phases. Moreover, there was a highly statistical significant relations between studied women’s total self-care practices score and residence, educational level and monthly income pre-intervention. Further more, there was a positive statistically significant correlation between total knowledge and total self-care practices scores regarding menorrhagia at pre, post and at follow-up phases. Hence the aim of the study was achieved and the research hypothesis was supported.
Recommendations
In the light of the findings of the current study, the following recommendations can be suggested:
• Design screening program for early detection of women with menorrhagia.
• Raising women’s awareness about menorrhagia related risk factors should be a priority to ensure early diagnosis of menorrhagia .
• An educational guidelines regarding menorrhagia should be distributed to all obstetrics and gynecological departments and out-patient clinics at Benha City to enhance women’s knowledge and self-care practices.
Recommendations for further studies:
• Designing an educational program to improve women’s knowledge and attitudes regarding menorrhagia.
• Replication of the study on large sample size in different settings for generalization of results.