الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
When a total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) strategy is not used, preoperative chemoradiotherapy or short course neoadjuvant radiotherapy are indicated for individuals with locally advanced stage II and III rectal cancer. However, short course radiotherapy for high-risk rectal cancer should be used with caution due to the risk of locoregional disease progression. 3DCRT technique is still accepted and used in many centers to treat locally advanced rectal cancer patients.
There has recently been interest in the use of highly advanced treatment approaches, such as intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) technique, to treat patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, especially for some particular cases that do not meet dose constraints with 3DCRT technique, or in previously treated patients with recurrent disease requiring reirradiation. Nonetheless, there are only a few dosimetric studies that aimed to compare the two techniques (3DCRT and IMRT), in terms of planning target volume (PTV) coverage and organs at risk (OARs) sparing, for both conventional and short course protocols.