الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is still one of the most challenging conditions in obstetrics due to its impact on maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. PE is a syndrome with a range of non-specific signs and symptoms and multiple possible etiologies. Despite the refinement of diagnostic tools available to clinicians, there are still clinical presentations that fall outside the definitions. Any good clinician must be aware of the atypical forms in order to initiate correct management without delay and thus avoid increasing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Biomarkers are currently being evaluated to provide the clinician with an effective tool to identify patients with atypical presentations at an early stage; however, limited options currently exist.