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Abstract This study was carried out as pots experiment at greenhouse of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt during winter growing season of 2020/2021. This study was done to study the effect of compost and sulphur compost as organic manures on the chemical properties and nutrients content of salt affected soil and its productivity of wheat plant (Triticum aestivum, Giza 12) as well as its content of some macro and micronutrients. In this study, animal and plant residues composts mixed with elemental sulphur (S) at mixed rates of 0, 1, 2 and 3 % (CS0, CS1, CS2 and CS3) were prepared and at matarity time (60 days) analyzed for some chemical properties and their content of available macro and micronutrients. The used four compost types were added to the salt affected soil at application rates of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 %. Therefore the experimental treatments were arranged within the experimental units in two way completely ranomized design in four replicates. Grains wheat (Triticum aestivum, Giza 12) were planted at 15 Novomber 2020, irrigated and fertilized according to recomidations of Egyptian Agriculture Minstry .After 150 days of planting (maturiry stage) ,the plants of each experimental unit were harvested above the soil surface. Then straw, grains and biological yields were recorded. Straw and grains content and uptake of N, P, K, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were determined. At the same time at plant harvesting, soil sample was taken from each experimental unit and analyzed for its pH, EC, OM, exchangeable cations, ESP, CEC and the content of available N, P, K, S, Fe, Mn, Zn Summary and Conclusions 71 and Cu as well as its content of S forms (total, soluble, available and organic). All data were statically analyzed. The obtained data may be sumerized as follows: A. compost properties Compost pH was decreased with the increase mixed S, where its ranged from 7.52 in CS0 to 7.29 in CS3. Compost EC (dSm-1) was increased with the increase of mixed S, where its ranged between 1.86 dSm-1 in CS0 and 2.13 dSm-1 in CS3 Total content (%) of N was increased with the increase of added S, where it’s ranged between 1.20 % in CS0 and 1.70 % in CS3. Compost contents of OM and OC as well as C/N ratios were decreased with the increase of added S where their ranged between 43.15 %, 28.78 % and 23.93 in CS0 to 42.65 %, 27.17 % and 15.98 in CS3, respectively. With increase in mixed S with compost resulted in an increase of compost content of total P, K and S, where these contents ranged from 705, 2010 and 210 mgkg-1 in the compost untreated by S, to 813, 2185 and 2895 in compost treated by 3 % S, respectively. Increasing rate of added S to the compost resulted in an increase in the compost content of available Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu from 410, 499, 55.5 and 18.5 mgkg-1 in CS0 to 640, 585, 70.8 and 27.4 mgkg-1, respectively. B. Soil chemical properties Increasing in both S mixed with compost and its application rate to the soil resulted in a significant decrease of soil pH .With CS0 treatment, soil pH was decreased from 8.81 with 0.5 % application rate to 8.70 with rate of 2 % recorded RC value of -1.69. Also, with Summary and Conclusions 72 2 % added compost soil pH decreased from 8.65 with CS1 application to 8.52 with CS3 treatment. There are a significant decrease in soil ES as a result of compost application increase as well as its content of S therefore EC in the soil treated by CS0 were 6.27 and 6.05 dSm-1 at application rate of 0.5 and 2.0 %, respectively. Also at 2 % of added compost, soil EC were 5.80 and 5.50 dSm-1 with the treatments of CS1 and CS3, respectively. Soil content of OM increased significantly as a result from increase in both added rate of compost and its mixed rate of S. For example, the content of OM in the soil manured by 0.5 and 2.0 % of CS0 were 1.33 and 1.48 %, respectively. Also, these contents were 1.50 and 1.70 % in the soil treated by 2 % CS1 and CS3, respectively. Cation exchange capacity ’’CEC’’ (cmol kg-1) appeared asignificant increases with high application rate (2 %) of added compost and these increases in the soil treated by compost had 3 % S. For example, CEC values were 38.6 and 39.50 cmol kg-1 with 0.5 and 2 % application rate of CS0, respectively and also, these values were 39.50 and 40.54 cmol kg-1 in the soil treated by 2 % CS1 and CS3, respectively. Increasing rate of added compost and its content of S resulted in an increase of exchangeable K, Ca and Mg, while Exchangeable Na and ESP were decreased. For example, exchangeable Na decreased from 8.18 to 7.62 cmol kg-1 with the increase rate of added CS0 from 0.5 to 2.0 %, and also its decreased from 7.43 to 6.93 cmol kg-1 with 2 % CS1 and CS3, respectively. Increasing application rate of added CS0 from 0.5 to 2.0 % resulted in an increase of exchangeable K, Ca, Mg as well as ESP from 15.66, 8.71 and 6.05 cmol kg-1 to 16.62, 8.95 and 6.32 cmol kg-1, respectively. Also, Summary and Conclusions 73 increasing S mixed with compost resulted in more decrease of exchangeable Na as well as soil ESP and more increase of exchangeable K, Ca and Mg. For example, at 2 % application rate of CS1 and CS3, exchangeable Na was 7.49 and 6.55 cmol kg-1, respectively. Also, exchangeable K, Ca, Mg and ESP at 2 % CS1 were 17.18, 9.27, 6.33 cmol kg-1 and 18.60 and were 17.90, 10.65, 6.60 cmol kg-1 and 16.50 with 2 % CS3, respectively. Soil content of available N, P and K significantly affected by added rate of sulphur compost as well as its content of S the contents of available N, P and K in the soil manured by CS0 increased from 64.50, 6.22 and 760 mgkg-1 to 66.80, 7.25 and 850 mgkg-1 at its application rates of 0.5 and 2.0, respectively. Also, these contents were 67.65, 7.60 and 845 mgkg-1 with 2 % CS1 and were 71.50, 8.55 and 982 mgkg-1 at 2 % CS2, respectively. Generally, increasing rate of added compost especially with that contain S resulted in a significant increase in salt affected soil content of soluble, available and organic S. For example, the contents of soluble, available and organic S in the soil manured by CS0 were increased from 8.65, 98.60 and 612.75 mgkg-1 to 10.92, 109.55 and 629.53 mgkg-1 at application rates of 0.5 and 2.0 %, respectively. Also, these contents were increased from 14.15, 132.44 and 654.41 mgkg-1 to 26.33, 176.77 and 781.9 mgkg-1 at 2.0 % application rate of CS1 and CS3, respectively. As well as, increasing of added compost and content of S resulted in an increase of saline soil content of available Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. For example, the contents of available Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in the soil manured by CS0 increased from 7.60, 3.84, 3.15 and 0.35 mgkg-1 to 8.75, 4.40, 4.15 and 0.46 mgkg-1 with application rates of Summary and Conclusions 74 0.5 and 2.0 %, respectively. Also, these contents with 2.0 % CS1 and CS3 increased from 8.88, 4.92, 4.40 and 0.50 mgkg-1 to 10.63, 5.90, 5.25 and 0.62 mgkg-1, respectively. C. Straw and grains yield of wheat plant Straw, grains and biological yields of wheat plants grown on salt affected soil increased significantly as a resulted of compost application especially at high application rates and high content of S. For example, these yields of the plants grown on the soil manured by CS0 increased from 1.65, 0.92 and 2.45 g pot-1 to 1.85, 1.10 and 2.85 g pot-1 with application rates of 0.5 and 2.0 %, respectively. As well as these yields from 1.98, 1.27 and 3.25 g pot- 1 with 2 % CS1 to 2.40, 1.86 and 4.26 g pot-1 with 2.0 % CS3, respectively. Therefore, the highest values of biological index were found in the plants grown on the soil manured by 2.0 % compost with mixed S ratio of 3.0 %. Generelly, the rate effect of sulphur compost treatment on the found yields of straw and grains may be cleared by using biological index which ranged between 36 and 45 %, where these values reveals high positive effect of added compost on grains yield compared with that found with straw yield. D. Nutrients content of wheat plant Straw content (% and mg pot-1) of N, P, K and S were increased as a result of compost application, S and these increases were more higher with sulphur compost. For example, with CS0 applications, straw contents of N, P, K and S were increased from 0.48, 0.22, 0.52 and 0.38 % to 0.61, 0.32, 0.70 and 0.45 % with increase rate from 0.5 to 2.0 %, respectively. Also, these contents increased from 0.66, 0.36, 0.76 and 0.52 % to 0.78, 0.43, 0.85 and 0.72 % with CS1 and CS3 at application rate of 2.0 %. Summary and Conclusions 75 Similar increases of N, P, K and S contents in the grains were found as a result of increase of added compost and its content of S. For example, with CS0 applications grains content of N, P, K and S were increased from 1.28, 0.31, 1.83 and 0.61 % to 1.40, 0.42, 2.05 and 0.70 % with the increase rate from 0.5 to 2.0 %, respectively. Also, the contents of these nutrients with 2.0 % CS1 treatment were 1.46, 0.43, 2.15 and 0.80 % and increased to 1.68, 0.56, 2.27 and 1.10 % in the plants treated by 2 % CS3, respectively. Protein content (%) in the grains was higher than that in the straw of each plant where this content was increased with the increase added rate of compost and its content of S. For example, protein contents in the straw and grains of the wheat plants grown on the soil treated by CS0 wereincreased from 2.76 and 7.36 % to 3.51 and 7.07 with the increase added compost from 0.5 to 2.0 %, respectively. As well as these contents were increased from 3.799 and 8.41 % with 2.0 % CS1 to 4.49 and 9.66 % with 2.0 % CS3, respectively. Straw of wheat plant contents of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu increased significantly as a result increase in added compost and its content of S. For example, in the straw of wheat plants grown on the soil treated by CS0, the contents of these nutrients increased from 48.5, 15.96, 14.80 and 4.42 mgkg-1 at added rate of 0.5 % to 51.1, 16.67, 15.50 and 4.80 at 2.0 % application rate, respectively. As well as the contents of these nutrients increased from 52.20, 16.90, 15.80 and 4.90 mgkg-1 to 53.50, 17.25, 16.15 and 5.22 mgkg-1 with 2.0 % CS1 and CS3, respectively. In addition, grains content of wheat plants content of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu increased significantly with the increase of added compost and its content of S. For example, the content of these nutrients in the grains of wheat plants grown on the soil treated by CS0 ranged from 131.1, 25.95, 22.60 and 10.80 mgkg-1 with 0.5 % added rate to 134.9, 27.47, 23.40 and 11.9 mgkg-1 with 2.0 % application rate, respectively. Also, the content of these nutrients in the grains increased from 135.5, 28.15, 23.75 and 11.87 mgkg-1 to 137.1, 29.37, 25.85 and 12.80 mgkg-1 at 2.0 % of CS1 and CS3, respectively. |