الفهرس 
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Abstract
Jaundice in newborn is quite common affecting nearly 60% of term and 80% of preterm neonates during the first week of life .In most cases it is benign in nature. Nevertheless untreated severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is a harbinger of underlying serious illness. Increased levels of unconjugated bilirubin can lead to bilirubin encephalopathy and subsequently kernicterus, with permanent neuro developmental disability.
Hyperbilirubinemiacan be treated either by phototherapy, exchange transfusion or pharmacologic agents. Phototherapy plays a significant role in prevention and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia. The main demonstrated value of phototherapy is that it reduces the need for exchange transfusion.
Hyperbilirubinemia can be treated either by phototherapy or exchange transfusion or pharmacologic agents. Phototherapy plays a significant role in prevention and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia. The main demonstrated value of phototherapy is that it reduces the need for exchange transfusion. As any treatment has its side effects, phototherapy also has its adverse effects like hyperthermia, feed intolerance, loose stools, skin rashes, bronze baby syndrome, retinal changes, dehydration, hypocalcemia, redistribution of blood flow and genotoxicity.
Unlike other side effects, a few studies are currently available that depicts the adverse effects of phototherapy on serum electrolytes like sodium , potassium , calcium , chloride and magnesium .
The main objective of this study was to assess the electrolyte changes following phototherapy in neonates.
This prospective hospital based comparative study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics in Benha University Hospital, involving 61 neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia receiving Phototherapy that generally ranges from 48 hours to 96 hours. The duration of the study ranged from 6-12 months.
The results of our present study can be summarized as follows:
As regard demographic data, our study was conducted on 61 cases which demographic data Included 32 males (52.5%) and 29 females (47.5%). Their age ranged from 2.0 to 11.0 days mean ±SD (5.77 ± 1.94); Included 48 (5-9 days) (78.7%), (<5) days (16.4%) and 10-11days females (4.9%) and No. of cases which have Normal Birth weight was 41.
As regard mode of delivery, there were 44.3 of cases was Normal Vaginal Delivery but 55.7 were cesarean section.
In this study as regard total bilirubin ,the Comparison between value of total bilirubin pre and post phototherapy showed that there was highly statistical significant difference between pre and post according to Total Bilirubin where p<0.001.
This study shows that majority of females by 62.3% with gestational age ranged from 36-39 weeks, 26.2% with gestational age ≥40weeks, and Mean ± SD. Of gestational age of studied cases was 38.0 ± 1.84weeks
In our study, there was statistical significant difference between pre and post phototherapy according to Calcium.
Our study showed that there was statistically significant difference between pre and post phototherapy according to Sodium.
In our study There was no statistically significant difference between pre and post phototherapy according to Potassium, and Chloride.
According to phototherapy effect on serum magnesium, our study showed the mean serum magnesium was 2.25 mg/dL before phototherapy and significantly decreased after it 2.03 mg/dL) (P=0.01).
As regard Relation between modes of delivery (normal vaginal Delivery and C-Section) and serum electrolytes, our study showed that there were no statistical significant differences in values of serum electrolytes (Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride and Total magnesium) between pre and post phototherapy.
As regard Correlation of serum electrolytes ((Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride and Total magnesium) with birth weight (kg) after phototherapy, as regard Correlation of serum electrolytes ((Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride and Total magnesium) with birth weight (kg) after phototherapy, our study showed that there was no statistical significant difference where p values < 0.0.5.
Our study showed that there was no relation between duration of phototherapy and serum electrolytes.