الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Swallowing is a complex process involving voluntary and reflexive activities of many nerves and muscles. It is a semiautomatic motor action of the muscles of the oral cavity, oropharynx, respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract that propels food and liquids from the oral cavity to the stomach and protects the airway from foods, liquids, and other substances.
Stroke is the primary cause of dysphagia. About 22-65% of the patients with stroke have dysphagia.
Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a highly prevalent comorbidity in patients with neurological conditions and not only causes discomfort but also poses a risk to the patient‘s recovery from the initial disease and can, in some cases, be fatal.
Post stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia is a high-risk factor for aspiration pneumonia, nutritional imbalance, and dehydration. it has a poor prognosis and high mortality rate.
Accurate screening and assessment of swallowing function in patients with acute stroke are important, as early screening and implementation of proper feeding strategies and treatment have been linked to a better outcome, decreased risk of aspiration pneumonia and reduced length of hospital stay.