الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Presently, infertility is considered a worldwide health issue that affects 25% of all couples. It is describes as the incapacity of a couple to conceive a child after 12 months of continued sexual intercourse (Baghdadi et al., 2016; Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, 2020). Infertility may develop in both men and women, owing to many causes or even for unidentified ones (Dohle et al. 2010, Jungwirth et al. 2019; Turner et al., 2020). Solely, male factors are accounting for about (20-30%) of infertility incidents and are strongly impacting around 50% of all incidents (Agarwa et al., 2015). Male infertility is often diagnosed through microscopic examination of sperm quantity, motility, and morphology. According to the world health organization (WHO) guidelines, normal sperm include not less than (20 X 106) spermatozoa/ml, with at least 50% displaying good forward progressive motility per 60 min after ejaculation (WHO, 2010).Male infertility caused by sperm variations includes a decline in the number of spermatozoa (oligozoospermia), spermatozoa with abnormal morphology (teratozoospermia), decreased sperm motility (asthenozoospermia), none or low sperm count (azoospermia), and lack of ejaculation (aspermia). The
oligoasthenoteratozoospermia is the syndrome which refers to the combination of all of these disorders together (Dohle et al., 2010; Tamrakar and Bastakoti, 2019). In asthenozoospermic patients, the semen is has a reduced sperm motility (less than 40% motile spermatozoa and 32% progressive spermatozoa) without any noteworthy alterations in the other factors (Capkova et al., 2016).