الفهرس 
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Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic, inflammatory disorder of the hair follicle that has no known etiology. It usually begins as a rapid onset of confined, patchy hair loss on the scalp, which may progress to affect the whole scalp or other parts of the body.
Alopecia areata seems to rise fairly linearly with age, with the typical age of start falling between 25 and 36 years.
Alopecia areata has been associated to a number of autoimmune diseases, including lupus, vitiligo, autoimmune thyroid disease, and atopic dermatitis.
The cause of alopecia areata is unknown. Many reasons have been implicated in its development, including genetics, non-specific immunological and organ-specific autoimmune responses, neurological factors, cytokines, fundamentally abnormal melanocytes or keratinocytes, infectious agents, diet, stress, and hormones.
Alopecia areata may be treated with both topical and systemic medicines. Intralesional corticosteroids, topical corticosteroids, Minoxidil, anthralin, and topical immunotherapy in the form of diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) and squaric acid dibutylester (SADBE) are examples of topical treatments. Systemic treatments include corticosteroids and photochemotherapy. Medications include cyclosporine, methotrexate, sulphasalazine, and biologics such as etanercept, efalizumab, adalimumab, and infliximab.
Intralesional injections have long been utilized in dermatologic treatment because they are helpful for a variety of reasons, are straightforward to give, and are relatively safe. The skin works as a reservoir, enabling medicine to be administered over time while avoiding or reducing systemic negative effects.
Several authors argued for ILCs to be used as first-line treatment in adult patients with patchy AA. The preferred and most often used is triamcinolone acetonide.
According to research, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) receptors (VDRs) are extensively expressed in the keratinocytes of human and mouse hair follicles, and their absence is related with decreased hair follicle development. There have also been studies that show the effectiveness of topical vitamin D3 mimics in the treatment of alopecia areata.
The goal of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of intralesional steroids to intralesional vitamin D in the treatment of alopecia areata utilizing clinical and dermoscopic evaluation.
Our research comprised 40 people with patchy alopecia areata who were randomly allocated to one of two groups of 20 people each.
Vitamin D3 (aqueous cholecalciferol preparation) was administered intravenously to group 1. (2.5 mg/ml) every two weeks for six sessions total. The greatest cumulative dose of vitamin D3 injected into a patient during each session was 2.5 mg (1 ml).
Trimcinolone acetonide (5mg/ml) intralesional injections were given to group 2 every two weeks for six sessions.
All patients assessed for severity and hair regrowth by :
Clinical photography before and after therapy, a dermoscopic examination before and after treatment, a 5-point semi-quantitative regrowth assessment, and patient self-satisfaction are all included.
Our results showed that there was a statistically significant improvement in hair regrowth. After treatment, the ILvit D3 and ILCS treated groups showed a statistically significant increase in percentage improvement of regrowth score, however there was no statistical difference between the two groups at the conclusion of therapy. RGS4 was 80% in the vitamin D group, 10% in the RGS2 group, 5% in the RGS1 group, and 0% in the RGS0 group, but 65% in the ILCS group, 5% in the RGS3 group, 5% in the RGS2 group, 5% in the RGS1 group, and 15% in the RGS0 group. There was no significant difference in the regrowth score between the two groups (p=0.8).
Dermoscopic examination revealed a significant reduction in black dots, yellow dots, and vellus hair in the vitamin D-treated group, as well as a significant increase in terminal regrowing hair with a significant p value. (p= 0.0001, 0.0001, 0.003, 0.0001), and so forth.
Dermoscopic examination of the ILCS-treated group indicated a substantial reduction in black dots, yellow dots, and vellus hair, as well as a large increase in terminal regrowing hair, all with significant p values (p= 0.0001, 0.0001, 0.0001, 0.003, 0.0001).