الفهرس 
التركيب التشريحي للعمود الفقرى...............................يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Scientific development and advancement has clear and significant effects in many fields, including the sports field, which led to opening new horizons by using all means to serve athletes in this field and bring them to the highest levels in all sports.
The practice of sports activities is not without the occurrence of injuries, which is one of the most serious obstacles facing athletes, which may cause them to be excluded from practicing activities while they are at the pinnacle of sports giving, and to stay away from sports competitions, and in most cases it is the reason for the sudden DROP in the level of physical performance. Or skills, and injuries are among the most important basic problems facing the process of advancing sports levels and their transition from one level to another, and athletes are exposed to injury when scientific and technical conditions are not taken into account in training or during competitions, and this results from the continuous effort on the body’s various systems and organs. Most sports injuries result from the exposure of a part of the body or the body as a whole to a force that exceeds its normal physiological endurance.
Injury is one of the main reasons that may lead to a decrease in the level of the player from continuing training, and it may cause him, even after the completion of recovery, incomplete performance and incomplete skill, as well as reduce the level of physical and skill performance due to being away from the stadiums and not training for long periods.
And with the huge development in the field of sports medicine, especially in the field of sports injuries, and following all measures of security and safety factors to try to reduce injuries, but we notice an increase in their incidence, and this is due to many reasons, including the intensity of sports competitions or excessive enthusiasm by players. Which makes them more vulnerable to it.
The treatment and kinetic rehabilitation of the injured depends on rehabilitative exercises, which are considered one of the most important natural means influencing the treatment, as these exercises contribute to the speedy recovery of muscles and joints and their function, as the importance of rehabilitative exercises is due to two main goals, which are the prevention of various sports injuries and the return of the player to sports performance with the same efficiency Functional and physical as it was before the injury occurred as soon as possible.
Rehabilitation is the training and treatment of the injured person to try to restore functional ability in the shortest possible time, by using treatment methods that are commensurate with the type and severity of the injury.
That every (10,000) ten thousand sports practitioners were injured between (43%) to (47%) regardless of the type of injury and the extent of its impact that led to the exclusion of the athlete from practicing his activity for a long or short period, and this high percentage that some researches concluded requires attention Paying attention to sports injuries, whether causes, prevention, or treatment and rehabilitation, taking into account the importance of predicting them.
Rehabilitation is an attempt to restore or maintain the full function of the injured part of the body, and it depends mainly on identifying the causes that led to the injury, and the correct correction of it and methods of treatment.
Stretching by facilitating neuromuscular sensory receptors aims to benefit from physiological neurological processes to achieve muscle relaxation so that muscles can be lengthened under the best possible conditions. Physiological such as ”mutual nervous influence and involuntary reflex muscle relaxation. This method requires knowledge and high technical know-how on the part of the colleague or trainer to avoid the risks of injury.”
The sensory neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) method is: a set of stretching tactics involving alternations of contractions and pulls.
Both Ahmed Hassanein Mansour (2021 AD) and Ahmed Eid Ismail (2021 AD) indicated in the results of their studies that the method of neuromuscular facilitation of sensory receptors is considered the best way to develop joint flexibility and diastolic capacity of the muscles. Specific, interspersed with relaxation of those muscles or contractile groups, followed by relaxation and lengthening of those muscles. This method relies on physiological foundations related to the functions of the sensory-motor organs of the muscles, where a process of inhibition of the activity of these organs takes place in the muscle to be lengthened, in order to reduce the process of reflexes that resist the process of lengthening the muscle, which increases the range of motion. And leads to an increase in its range of motion.
Until the basis on which this strategy is built is the form of muscular contraction used in the performance of the exercises, as it depends on alternating work between fixed and mobile contraction of both types (shortening - lengthening in each of the basic motor muscles and the antagonistic muscles working on the concerned joint.
Sports exercises represent a special importance in the field of rehabilitation, especially in the first and final stages when implemented in preparation for the return of the injured person to practice specialized activities and his return to functional performance, after restoring the basic functions of the affected part. Growth in some muscles and ligaments, and interest in the mechanics of various body movements through muscular strength exercises, joint flexibility, and improving the degree of neuromuscular compatibility to restore normal movement of the body in general and the affected part in particular.
The sport of swimming at the global level has received a lot of scientific development in the various aspects of the players, especially the training programs applied to them, which led to breaking records and achieving achievement, as is the case with other sports activities.
Swimming is considered one of the individual sports that require a high level of physical capabilities, as well as precise mastery of various motor skills through good motor compatibility between the different parts of the body, with a superior degree of body control through the employment of special motor abilities such as strength characterized by speed, endurance, flexibility, elongation and poise.
Sports activities, when practiced, lead to many injuries, which may result in many physiological changes in the body as a response to these injuries.
Sports injuries and sports injuries fall within the general content of therapeutic physical education, and specialists and experts mention that if the athlete is prepared psychologically and physically in a correct way, it is possible to prevent many injuries of different degrees (simple, medium, severe), as well as the common ones associated with the practice of violent physical activities or sports, If the physical preparation includes multiple aspects such as psychological, educational and technical preparation, it is possible to prevent many injuries associated with sports activities.
The spine consists of bones in the form of rings called vertebrae stacked on top of each other to form a strong column that keeps the head and body upright, and between the vertebrae there are semi-gelatinous discs that look like pillows and have solid outer edges, while the muscles and tissues work to stabilize the vertebra in the appropriate place, and it consists The lumbar region consists of five vertebrae that form the inner curve of the lower back. Overexertion or injury to the muscles that support the lumbar region in the lower back is the most common cause of lumbar pain in the lower back. Muscles and connective tissues may be injured as a result of improper lifting or carrying heavy objects. The muscles working on the lumbar region can also become weak as a result of poorly planned training load and cause lumbar pain
And through the researcher’s work as a movement rehabilitation and injuries specialist at the Sports Rehabilitation Center, he noticed the frequent complaints of swimming players from lower back pain as a result of poor formation of the training load and neglecting rehabilitative exercises for the lumbar region, especially stretching exercises. There are researches that have dealt with in a standardized and modern manner a program for the rehabilitation of lumbar region pain.
This led to the researcher’s interest in studying and examining this problem and attempting to conduct an applied study based on scientific foundations and principles aimed at developing a suitable rehabilitation program for the rehabilitation of lumbar region pain for swimming players, and by using a rehabilitation program based on the technique of neuromuscular facilities for sensory receptors to get rid of lumbar region pain among players swimming.
Research problem
The importance of the research lies in showing the effectiveness of rehabilitative exercises using the neuromuscular facilitation technique for sensory receptors in the treatment and rehabilitation of lumbar region pain and the extent to which it is used in the sports field.
scientific significance
The scientific importance of this research comes in that it represents an important link in the series of scientific research that uses the technique of neuromuscular facilitation for sensory receptors, by identifying the effect on rehabilitating lumbar vertebrae pain in swimming players. Also, this study is a positive attempt to restore the efficiency of the lumbar region and get rid of Pain and returning the players to normal to restore their athletic level to achieve the best level of performance of athletes.
applied significance
An attempt to develop a program of rehabilitative exercises using the technique of neuromuscular facilities for sensory receptors in order to restore the functional efficiency of the lumbar vertebrae and get rid of pain, and use this program to rehabilitate the lumbar region and get rid of pain and return the players better and faster to practice their sports activities and the possibility of benefiting from it by specialists and those interested in the field Sports medicine, especially sports injuries and sports rehabilitation.
Search target
The research aims to develop a rehabilitation program using the technique of neuromuscular facilities of sensory receptors to get rid of lumbar pain in swimming players and to identify the extent of the program’s effect on the following:
- Measuring the degree of pain with the V.A.S. device.
- Measuring the range of motion with a goniometer.
- Measurement of muscle strength with Isokintic device.
Research hypotheses
-There are statistically significant differences between the averages of the pre- and post-measurements in the range of motion in favor of the dimensional measurement of the sample under research.
- There are statistically significant differences between the averages of the pre- and post-measurements in the muscular strength of the muscle groups working on the lumbar vertebrae in favor of the dimensional measurement of the sample under research.
-There are statistically significant differences between the averages of the pre- and post-measurements in the level of pain degree in favor of the post-measurement of the sample under research .
Search terms
Definition of sports injury
It is damage to the various tissues of the body as a result of force. These damages vary in nature and forms of treatment. This discrepancy is due to the level of physical fitness of the athlete before the injury and the need to regain the same high level of fitness after the injury.
Neuromuscular facilities
It is the control of neuromuscular mechanisms by stimulating the sensory receptors of neuromuscular cells.
sensory future
It is a special system that converts the energy of the external stimulus into a special energy in the form of a nerve signal to transmit information to the nerve centers.
Deep sensory training exercises
Exercises to develop the efficiency of the response of sensory receptors, and it is done through the use of special tools such as the wooden balance device, which is measured by measuring the balance test
Lumbar pain:
Is the pain in the lumbar region of the spine resulting from injury or stiffness of the muscles and connective tissue hurt as a result of stress or weakness of the muscles and flexibility or poor formation of the training load.
Research Methodology
The researcher used the experimental approach, using the experimental design for one experimental group, and using tribal and remote measurements, due to its suitability to the nature of the research