الفهرس 
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Abstract
Leukemia is one of the most common types of cancer in children and adolescents under 20 years of age. The main treatment for leukemia in children is multidrug chemotherapy, which is an invasive method and causes many side effects. Nausea and vomiting are considered among the most common and uncomfortable side effects caused by chemotherapy in children. So, pediatric oncology nurses play an essential role that provided physical, social, and emotional care for children with leukemia. Thus, this study was conducted to identify the comparative effect of peppermint inhalation and Swedish massage on chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting in children with leukemia.
The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of peppermint inhalation versus Swedish massage on chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting among children with leukemia. A quasi-experimental research design was used. The study was carried out at the Inpatient and Outpatient Hematology/leukemia Unit at Alexandria University Children’s Hospital in Alexandria. A convenient sample of 75 children with leukemia comprised the study subjects, their ages ranged from 6-15 years. The study subjects were randomly assigned equally into three groups called: control, peppermint inhalation and Swedish. Children in the control group received routine hospital care for CINV. Children in peppermint inhalationgroup inhaled the peppermint essential oil 2% beside to routine hospital care for management of CINV. Children in Swedish massage group received the Swedish massage therapy before each chemotherapy session for 20 min. beside to routine hospital care for management of CINV.
Three tools were used: Tool I: Socio Demographic and Medical Data of Children with Leukemia Undergoing Chemotherapy Assessment Sheet, Tool II: Assessment of Nausea and Vomiting of Children with Leukemia Interview Schedule, and Tool III: Assessment of Severity of Nausea and Vomiting by Baxter Retching Faces (BARF) Scale. CINV was assessed for three days after chemotherapy administration and for three consecutive sessions. CINV is classified asanticipatory nausea and vomiting, acute nausea and vomiting and delayed nausea and vomiting.
The main results of the present study revealed the following:
Socio Demographic Data of Children with Leukemia Undergoing Chemotherapy:
More than three quarter of children were less than ten years ago in control, peppermint inhalation and Swedish massage groups and in primary education.
It was showed that around two thirds of children were male in in control, peppermint inhalation and Swedish massage groups.
It was also portrayed that nearly three quarters of studied children in control and Swedish massage group were living in rural area.
It was found that all children in three groups (100%) were diagnosed with ALL.
It was clarified that all children in control, peppermint, and Swedish massage groups (100%) were prescribed for Ondansetron as antiemetic medication.
Mean Total Score of Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting Among Children with Leukemia of Three Study Groups:
- It was found that means total score of anticipatory nausea among children in control group are high through the three sessions of chemotherapy compared to peppermint inhalation and Swedish massage groups with a significant difference was found between the three studied groups (P<0.001).
- The means total score of anticipatory vomiting among children who experienced Swedish massage showed an enhancement through the three studied session (2.08 ± 0.40, 2.08 ± 0.40 & 2.0 ± 0.0) compared to the children who inhaled peppermint essence (2.32 ± 0.90, 2.36 ± 0.86 & 2.08 ± 0.40). While the mean total score of anticipatory vomiting in control group was increased through three studied sessions (3.62 ± 2.69, 3.69 ± 2.32 & 4.0 ± 2.35). A statistically significant difference was found between the three studied groups (P= 0.030, P < 0.001 & P < 0.001).
- The means total score of acute nausea were low in peppermint inhalation and Swedish massage groups compared to in control group through three sessions of chemotherapy with significant improvement (P < 0.001).
- The mean total score of acute vomiting among children of control group was significantly higher than in peppermint inhalation and Swedish massage groups through the three chemotherapy sessions (p< 0.001).
- The total score of delayed nausea among children in the three study groups were showed high means, while Swedish massage and peppermint inhalation groups had low means than control group in second and third sessions (p<0.001).
- Peppermint inhalation and Swedish massage showed a succession in means total score of delayed vomiting through three sessions of chemotherapy compared to control group (p<0.001).
- Swedish massage group showed a considerable depletion in means total score of CINV in the three sessions of chemotherapy followed by peppermint inhalation group and then control group (p<0.001).