الفهرس 
مفهوم الكفاءة البدنية ....................................................................................يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Physical exercise is considered a necessity for each individual because it is a great implementation of their energy, and physical movement has a double impact on their mental and physical growth process alike. 13)
Sports training aims to reach the individual to the highest possible level of a certain type of sports activities. To achieve this goal, sports training seeks to develop the physical, skill, planning and psychological aspects in an equal manner. (53:61,60)
The physical exercise is considered a necessity for each individual because it is considered a great implementation of their energy, and the physical movement has a double effect on the process of their mental and physical development alike, and for adults it is considered an affirmation of themselves, and from the point of view of physiologists a necessary basis for the growth of vital organs and their further development and advancement (54). :13)
One of the most important studies of sports physiology is to describe the changes in the functions of the various organs resulting from the performance of a specific physical load or the performance of a group of training loads aimed at improving the body’s functional responses to the performance of physical activity.
Since the human being is considered an integrated unit balanced between the mind, the body and the soul together, it is necessary to pay attention to his nature to preserve the safety of the human being. Therefore, the practice of sports has become a science with its origins, rules, philosophy and advanced goals. Not only did the concern for the health and safety of players from all aspects appear in our time today, but was Care and attention to the safety of the competitor in different sports (54:13)
The process of raising the level of physical efficiency is one of the most important problems of competitive sport at the present time, as this is achieved only by increasing the size and intensity of physical loads using modern training methods, given that the continuous increase in the size of the intensity of loads can lead to negative results in the health level and functional status of athletes As well as the level of sports results, which is a cornerstone in the training process (54:46).
The process of raising the level of physical efficiency is one of the most important problems of competitive sport at the present time, as this is achieved only by increasing the size and intensity of physical loads using modern training methods, given that the continuous increase in the size of the intensity of loads can lead to negative results.
In the level of health and functional status of the athletes, as well as the level of sports results and represent a cornerstone in the training process (54:46)
The vital processes of energy production in the presence of oxygen for a long time depend on the efficiency of the respiratory system to transfer oxygen from the lungs to the blood and muscles, then on the efficiency of the muscles themselves to absorb oxygen and issue vital energy to the player. The presence of a high physiological efficiency in his circulatory and respiratory system to ensure the occurrence of all biochemical processes in his body in an excellent manner and to a degree of excellence during motor and physical performance. (65: 369)
Muhammad Hassan Allawi (1992) points out that the greater the individual’s mastery of motor skills, the less effort he expended in trying to perform, and the more he is able to use all his thinking and attention to the various tactical duties during the match. Performance in the match with high efficiency in performance without the appearance of fatigue (46:27)
Problem of Research
Through the researcher’s readings and his access to many scientific researches, he sees that family members and teachers are role models for children, and therefore they are greatly influenced by them in the formation of these habits. We all know that there are children who grew up far from his father, but he has a static strength Almost identical to his father’s stature.
The physical efficiency is one of the indicators that determine the general condition of the athlete, in addition to what is characterized by his vital organs such as the heart and lungs, through the stages of training and preparation, where it is possible to identify the best elements of the athletes to participate in international competitions by identifying the physical competence of the player.
Mohamed Sobhi Hassanein points out that the value of the vital
The Aim of Research
The research aims to:
- Develop a proposed training program to improve the level of physical competence and the level of physical fitness for students of the preparatory stage in the Al-Azhar region of Cairo.
- The effect of the training program on the level of fitness and physical efficiency of the preparatory stage students in the Al-Azhar region of Cairo.
Research hypotheses
The current research sought to put the following hypotheses:
There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the two measurements, the tribal and remote measures, in favor of the post measurement in the physiological variables and the physical fitness of middle school students in the Al-Azhar region of Cairo.
There are percentages of change between the mean scores of the two measurements, the tribal and remote measurements, in favor of the dimensional measurement in the physiological variables and the physical fitness of the preparatory stage students in the Al-Azhar region of Cairo.
Terms used in research The Definitions of Research .
Physical Efficiency
It is the state of biological adaptation that occurs in the body organs of the athlete under the influence of training, which is evident in the improvement of the level of physical performance. (46:93) Dragandragan (1990) defines it as: the ability of the body to provide aerobic and anaerobic energy materials necessary to perform the maximum mechanical muscular work and to continue it for the longest possible period of time. (2:27)
the test :
You know Lily Mr. Farhat 2001.
It is a form of question that seeks to measure some abilities by testing information
The individual or measure his ability in sports activity. (45: 14)
Physiological efficiency:
It is the fitness of all the functions of the body and the work of all its organs.
According to this definition, the term physiological fitness, from the point of view of sports physiologists, includes nine components, of which six components represent the elements of physical fitness (flexibility - body composition - muscular strength - muscular endurance anaerobic capabilities - aerobic capabilities) in addition to three components that represent physiological components Others are blood pressure - lipids and lipoproteins - and glucose tolerance. (8:21)
Anaerobic Capacity
It is the ability to maintain or repeat maximum muscle contractions depending on energy production
The anoxic system of lactic acid, and includes all sports activities in which the time increases
Research Methodology
The researcher used the experimental method by designing the pre and post measurements for the experimental and control groups due to its suitability to the nature of the research.
Sample of Research
The researcher selected the sample by the intentional method, and the sample size was 15 students who were selected from among the students participating in the East Cairo Administration Championship and the participants in the National Physical Fitness Project organized by the Student Welfare Department in Cairo Al-Azhar Region. Age, weight and height.
Students who have no desire to participate were excluded, and students who suffer from any psychological or pathological problems were also excluded in order to ensure the results of the research.
The training program was implemented from 1/10/2020 to 29/12/2020.
spatial domain.
The training program was implemented at the Al Salam Institute Model Stadium of the East Cairo Al-Azhar District Administration due to the suitability of the playing field and the availability of the necessary tools to implement the training program.
The tribal and remote measurements of the study sample were made inside the physical competence hall at the Faculty of Physical Education, Benha University, due to the presence of the physical competence devices that were identified by the researcher and the supervisors of the thesis and the appropriateness of the physical competence hall to conduct tests and measurements before and after
Tools and means of data collection
Devices and tools used to conduct the research.
A rheostat for measuring height in centimeters. Restameter
A calibrated medical scale for estimating body weight in kilograms. Weighted of Body
- Digital camera. Camera
Electronic pulse device.
- A laptop computer to record the measurements.
- A digital clock to measure the time when performing the tests.
30 cm high stepping box.
- Whistle, cones, collars, skipping ropes, and sports mattresses.
Statistical processors
- SMA . Arithmetic Meaning
- Mediator . Median
- standard deviation . Standard Deviation
- Coefficient of skewness. Skewness
- Percentages. %Percentage
T-test to find out the differences. T-Test
- Pearson Correlation Coefficient
- (L.S.D) test to calculate the least significant difference
Presentation, discussion and interpretation of results
The Results Offer & Explanation & Discussion
Offer of The Results
Through the objective of the research, its hypotheses, and the data of the basic research sample, tabulating it in tables and processing it statistically, the results of the research appeared as follows:
Presenting the statistical results related to the first hypothesis, which states:
There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the two measurements, the pre and post measurements, in favor of the post measurement in the physiological variables and physical efficiency of the preparatory stage pupils. Cairo Al-Azhar area
The significance of the differences between the mean scores of the two pre and post measurements in
Physiological variables for middle school students
In the Al-Azhar district of Cairo
Physiological variables, unit of measurement, pre-measurement, post-measurement, the difference between two averages. T-value
calculated
The significance of the differences between the mean scores of the two pre and post measurements in
Physical efficiency of middle school students
In the Al-Azhar district of Cairo
Physical Efficiency Pre-post-measurement The difference between two averages T-value
calculated
T-table value at a significant level of 0.05 and a degree of freedom of 11 = 2.201
shows that there are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the pre and post measurements in the physical competence of the preparatory stage students in the Al-Azhar region of Cairo, where the calculated (T) value was between (-3.4) and the calculated value was greater than the tabular value at the level of significance (0.05).
Presentation of the statistical results related to the second hypothesis, which states:
There are percentages of change between the mean scores of the two measurements, the tribal and remote measurements, in favor of the dimensional measurement in the physiological variables and physical fitness of the preparatory stage students.Cairo Al-Azhar area
The percentage change between the mean scores of the pre and post measurements in
Physiological variables for middle school students
In the Al-Azhar district of Cairon=12
Physiological variables, unit of measurement, tribal measurement, post measurement, percentages
to change %
Discussion and interpretation of the results:
In light of the objectives and hypotheses of the research and in light of the statistical treatments used, the researcher will discuss the results he reached as follows:
Discussing the first hypothesis, which states that “there are statistically significant differences between the averages of the tribal and dimensional measurements in favor of the dimensional measurement in the physiological variables and the physical efficiency of middle school students in the Azhar region of Cairo.”
The results of the for finding the differences between the tribal and remote measurements on the physiological efficiency variables and the physical measurements under study indicate that there are differences