الفهرس 
Literature surveyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The growing interest in modern technologies in oxide materials is in part due to the possibility of their doping and/or mixing, which often leads to artificial compounds with tunable properties, such as the gap width or the band edge positions. However, the engineering of mixed oxide materials requires a better fundamental understanding of their structural, electronic, and ordering properties, well beyond
low doping levels, and concerning their parent materials. Mixed metal oxide (MMO) nanoparticles (also called heterometal oxide nanoparticles) can play an appreciable role in many areas of chemistry and physics. The unique electronic and magnetic
properties obtained when combining two metals in an oxide matrix have been well studied [1, 2]. Mixed metal oxides are used in many applications such as catalysis in the electronic industry as passive or active components in devices. These exhibit high dielectric,
and ferro- or pyroelectric properties, e.g., BaTiO3, LiNbO3, KTaO3, etc. It is important to realize that improved properties are recorded for ceramic materials at nanoscale and these materials are expected to find the most important place in technology in the coming years. Transition metal vanadate as one type of transition metal oxides occur in many forms, where those containing V5+ ions include metavanadate, vanadate, pyrovanadate, and polyvanadate compounds. Among these, the most stable form is metavanadate, followed by pyrovanadate. Vanadate is generally not stable and
hydrolysis reactions quickly occur, resulting in the formation of pyrovanadate.