الفهرس 
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Abstract
Abstract
In mathematics, a dynamical system is a system in which a function describes the time dependence of a point in an ambient space. The study of
dynamical systems is the focus of dynamical systems theory, which has
applications to a wide variety of fields such as physics, biology, chemistry, engineering, economics, secure communication and medicine. The
dynamics of integer, fractional and distributed orders dynamical systems
are studied in this thesis. A study of chaotic (or hyperchaotic) nonlinear dynamical systems with the same dimensions has been investigated
in the literature. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the study of
nonlinear dynamical systems with different dimensions.
There are many types of synchronization between chaotic (or hyperchaotic)
systems with the same dimensions. On the other hand, there exist little
papers for synchronization among chaotic systems with different dimensions. Therefore, we presented other types of synchronization between
chaotic (or hyperchaotic) systems with different dimensions. These types
of synchronization appear in many applications in applied sciences such
as circuits implementation, neural networks, physics, biological models,
secure communications and images encryption.