الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 146 |  |  |
| | | from | 146 | | |
Abstract
The main results of the study revealed that:
An overwhelming majority of them were women; 47 in all (78.3%), compared to only 13 men (21.7%).
There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups when it came to age, with both groups having a mean age of 37.2±13.9 years (SASJ) and 37.1±8.8 years (MGB).
There was no statistically noteworthy distinction among the SASJ group’s mean BMI at the time of the surgery (50.1±8.2 kg/m2) and the MGB group’s mean BMI (52.1±9.1 kg/m2)
Comorbidities among the SASJ group included diabetes mellitus in 28 individuals (93.3%), hypertension in eighteen individuals (60%) and hyperlipidemia in 21 patients (70%), osteoarthritis in nine individuals (30%), and obstructive sleep apnea in six individuals (20%). In the MGB group, 27 patients had diabetes mellitus (DM), 21 had hypertension (HTN), 26 had hyperlipidemia (86.7%), 10 had osteoarthritis (OA), and 5 had obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).
Regarding the mean serum fasting blood glucose level, in SASJ group it was 101.2±12.3 mg/dl, 94.2±8.8 mg/dl and 88.4±8 mg/dl at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively.
Fasting serum glucose levels in the MGB group were 101.6±15.8 mg/dl at 3 months, 93.6±8.9 mg/dl at 6 months, and 90.4±9.8 mg/dl at 12 months.
In SASJ group, HbA1c was 6.4±1.2 %, 5.3±0.6% and 5.2±0.4 at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively, while in MGB group it was 6.5±1.1 %, 5.5±0.6 and 5.26±0.22 % at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively.
There was no statistically significant difference in the mean fasting blood glucose levels between the groups at 3, 6, or 12 months. There was no statistically significant difference in mean HbA1C levels between the two groups.
There were a total of twenty-eight individuals in the SASJ group who were afflicted with diabetes mellitus type 2. three months following surgery, twenty-four (85.7%) of these cases showed signs of partial remission; at six months, five (17.8%) cases showed signs of partial remission and twenty-one (75%) cases showed signs of complete remission; and at twelve months, one case (3.6%) showed signs of partial remission while twenty-five (89.3%) cases showed signs of complete remission, Other patients demonstrated improvement in their glycemic condition while taking a reduced dose of oral hypoglycemic medications and insulin.
Twenty-seven people in the MGB group were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, 23 (85.2%) patients showed partial remission 3 months after surgery, At six months, 22 patients (81.5%) had complete remission, compared to 3 patients (14.8%) who had partial remission, 1 (3.7%) had a partial remission at 12 months, whereas 25 (92.6%) had a full remission. Other patients demonstrated improvement in their glycemic condition while taking a reduced dose of oral hypoglycemic medications and insulin.
Between the two groups, there is no statistically significant difference in DM control.
In terms of the mean level of triglycerides in the serum, the SASJ group had a level that was 130.5± 39.2 mg/dl at three months, 108 ±29.6 mg/dl at six months, and 70.2± 13.2 mg/dl after a year. The mean levels of serum triglycerides at 3, 6, and 12 months were 81.1±18.8 mg/dl, 125.2±26.6 mg/dl, and 155.8±34.2 mg/dl in the MGB group, respectively.
At 3, 6, and 12 months, the mean blood cholesterol levels in the SASJ group were 163.748.4, 146.541, and 120.829.2 mg/dl, respectively. At 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively, it was 187.346.6 mg/dl, 161.535.9 mg/dl, and 132.328.2 mg/dl in the MGB group.
In spite of the fact that there were no significant statistical differences across the two groups in the mean serum cholesterol level at 3, 6 and 12 months, there were significant statistical disparities among the two groups in the mean serum triglyceride level at 3, 6 and 12 months, with lower levels in the SASJ group.
In comparison, the mean serum LDL-cholesterol level in the MGB group was 113.8 ±24.8 mg/dl, 95.6 ±21.7 mg/dl, and 68.1 ±22.3 mg/dl at 3, 6 and 12 months, while it was 108.7 ±29 mg/dl, 95.8 ±24.4, and 66.1± 20.8 in the SASJ group at those same time periods. The levels of LDL-cholesterol between the two groups did not show any statistically significant differences (table 7).
The SASJ group had a mean post-operative weight of 132.3±26.6 at three months, 103.9±20.4 at six months, and 81.915.8 at twelve months after the procedure.
The MGB group, on the other hand, had a mean post-operative weight of 131.5±26.9 at three months, 105±20.8 at 6 months, and 79.9± 15.9 at 12 months after the operation. There is no statistically significant difference in body weight among 2 groups postoperatively.
The SASJ group experienced a mean excess weight loss of 18.2 ±6.6 at three months postoperative, 56.4 ±12.4 at six months, and 53.4± 11 at 12 months. While the mean percentage of total weight loss was 9.1±2.6 at 3 months, it was 28.3±6 at 6 months, and 43.1±8 at 12 months after surgery.
On the other hand, the MGB group experienced a mean excess weight loss of 19.1 ±4.7 after three months, 53.4 ±11 after 6 months, and 85.2 ±11 after a year following surgery. While the mean percentage of total weight reduction was 9.9, it was 27.8 at 6 months, and 44.8 at 12 months after surgery.
There is not a difference of statistical significance among 2 groups in terms of the percentage of weight loss from excess body fat and total body fat.
In SASJ group mean serum hemoglobin was 13.1±0.7 gm/dl, 12.9±0.7 gm/dl and 12.6±1.1 gm/dl at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively. While the mean serum hemoglobin in MGB group was 12.9±0.7 gm/dl, 12.7±0.7 gm/dl and 12.1±1 gm/dl at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively.
Serum haemoglobin levels did not differ statistically significantly between the two groups.
In SASJ group mean serum ionized calcium was 1.3±0.1 millimol/L, 1.3±0.1 millimol/L and 1.2±0.1 millimol/L at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively.
In MGB group mean serum ionized calcium was 1.3±0.1 millimol/L, 1.2±0.1 millimol/Land 1.2±0.1 millimol/Lat 3, 6 and 12 months respectively.
There was statistically significant difference among both groups in serum ionized calcium level (P value = 0.020) at 12 months, with higher level in SASJ group. However, Statistical analysis revealed no discernible changes among both groups at 3 and 6 months
In SASJ group mean serum albumin was 4.1±0.4 gm/dl, 4.1±0.5gm/dl and 3.9±0.5 gm/dl at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively. While the mean serum albumin in MGB group was 4.1±0.5 gm/dl, 4.1±0.3 gm/dl and 3.9±0.4 gm/dl at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively.
Statistical analysis revealed no discernible changes among both groups in serum albumin level at 3, 6 and 12 months.
The mean serum vitamin D3 level in SASJ group was 35.3±4.7ng/ml, 32.9±7 ng/ml and 37.1±7.8 ng/dl at 3, 6 and 12 months.
While in MGB group it was 34.8±5.1 ng/ml, 35.6±6 ng/dl and 38.8±5.3 at the 6th month and 33.78± 9.03 ng/ml at the 12th month.
The mean serum vitamin D3 was slightly higher in SASJ group but Statistical analysis revealed no discernible changes among both groups.
One patient in the SASJ group and one individual in the MGB group experienced leakage, but neither group experienced any damage to their viscera or vessels as a result of the procedure.
However, there was one instance of port site infection in the SASJ group and two cases in the MGB group. No cases of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) were reported.
There were three cases of vomiting in the SASJ group, two in the MGB group, and one patient in the MGB group. Hernias developed at the port site in three patients in the SASJ group, one patient in the MGB group, and one patient in the MGB group.
Two people in the SASJ group developed hypocalcemia, while only one person in the MGB group experienced the condition. Anemia was encountered by three patients in the SASJ group and by four individuals in the MGB group, whereas hypoalbuminemia was seen by three individuals in the SASJ group and by a couple of individuals in the MGB group.