الفهرس 
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Abstract
Myelination is a sequential process that is intricately controlled by both built-in and external factors. (ElSharouny et al., 2022). Although the mechanism of myelin production is unknown, it is assumed to be a phased process that begins with the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to OLs, then advances through axon ensheathment and, lastly, sheath maturation. (Kristensen et al., 2018). Demyelinating illness is any disorder of the central nervous system (CNS).that causes damage to the neuronal myelin sheath. Based on their pathogenesis, there are four types of demyelinating diseases: Multiple sclerosis (MS), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy, and extrapontine myelinolysis are all conditions that affect the nervous system. (El Sharouny et al., 2022) MS pathophysiology is complicated Peripheral T-cells invading the CNS, oligodendrocyte death, microgliosis, and neuroinflammation leading to demyelination and axonal damage are all symptoms of axonal injury.