الفهرس 
Natural history of undescended testis
Psychological health:Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Undescended testis is one of the most common genital anomalies in childhood. Its incidence is 3-5 % in full term newborn and affect more than one third of premature newborn. The incidence decreases to 1-2 % at age of
3 months. Laparoscopy is the diagnostic procedure of choice for the impalpable
testis. Although there are many radiographic modalities for evaluation and diagnosis of undescended testes (US, CT, and MRI), but all cannot rule out
the presence/abscence of an intra-abdominal testis. Many techniques were introduced for treatment of intraabdominal testis including primary vessel intact laparoscopic orchiopexy (VILO), microsurgical auto transplantation, one and two stage open/laparoscopic Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy, and recently, staged laparoscopic traction orchiopexy (Shehata technique).