الفهرس 
COVID-19 virusOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Since discovery of COVID-19 in China in December 2019, COVID19 has spread globally and being declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. It is caused by the highly infectious respiratory pathogen which is called (SARS-CoV-2) (Wu et al., 2020).
The COVID-19 symptoms are varying from mild to sever manifistations. The clinical presentation mainly includes fever, myalgia, dyspnea, headache, fatigue, cough, loss of smell and nasal obstruction. Thus, the otolaryngological symptoms are more prevalent than previously presumed (Lechien et al., 2020).
With time, we know more about COVID-19 disease presentation. We observed affection of COVID-19 on phonatory and swallowing functionsin in some COVID-19 patients over the clinical course of the disease. So, that make us in need to a rapid response from otolaryngologist and Phoniatricians as the virus invade our field
In this regard, as the SARS-CoV-2 virus affect the lungs, heart, gastrointestinal system, CNS and other organs. It also affect the larynx (voice box) as a part of the body (Al-Ani et al., 2021).
There is several mechanisms of dysphonia to occur by COVID-19 disease. Dysphonia may be primary to COVID-19 virus or secondary as a complication due to it’s affection on the lung like cough, dyspnea, intubation or fatigue (Regan et al., 2021).
COVID-19 also can affect swallowing by direct invasion to the peripheral nerves causing anosmia, ageusia and impairing pharyngeal sensory function. That lead to in-coordination of sensory and motor mechanisms of swallowing (Vergara et al., 2021).
Also, dysphagia may occur as a result from COVID-19 complication like dyspnea and sever respiratory distress which may make us resorting to ventilator support and intubation with its negative affection on swallowing (Zuercher et al., 2019).
The aim of this work is to sight the involvement of phonatory and swallowing functions in atypical COVID-19 pneumonia. Rather than, enriching our knowlage and medical skills when dealing with that disease in our field. For this point of view our study used a questionnaire to involving analytical questions about COVID-19 symptoms, phonatory and swallowing functions affection of 135 participants that evidently had COVID-19 disease.
The questionnaire on voice and swallowing involvement in COVOD19 patients is composed of 6 sections (Appendix 1), involving analytical questions about COVID-19 symptoms, phonatory and swallowing functions affection of 135 participants that evidently had COVID-19 disease.
The responses were statistically analyzed to assess reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The results revealed the test retest relaiability with correlation coefficient indicated adequate coefficient of stability. The internal consistency reliability was also proved and denoted significant inter correlation and internal consistency reliability among the constructed questionnaire.
The final form of questionnaire was validated by content validity. All items of the final form of questionnaire are judged by an experienced phoniatrician for language and leading questions as being completely relevant to the purpose for which it was meant. Face validity was also examined. It is a measure to assess the extent to which the questionnaire items appear relevant, important and interesting to the participants and revealed its concordance to the participants.