الفهرس 
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Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a kind of endocrinology disorder. It is a group of metabolic disorders caused by irregularities in insulin hormone production and activities, or both. Glucose intolerance and high blood glucose are caused by a lack of or a reduction in insulin hormone. chronic hyperglycemia is linked to a number of long-term microvascular complications, including kidney problems, nerve problems, and vision problems, as well as an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a dangerous chronic disorder that is a leading cause of death and illness across the world.
The present study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of virgin coconut and sesame seeds oils on hyperglycemia induced by recrystallized alloxan (5, 5-Dihydroxybarbituric acid) in male albino rats.
The present study was done on fifty-six adult Sprague Dawley male rats weighing approximately 180 ± 10 g. Rats were housed in well aerated cages under hygienic condition and fed on basal diet for one week as adaptation period. The first group was kept as negative control group, while alloxan was administered intraperitoneally once at a dose (150 mg/kg body weight) to groups from 2 to 8 and fed according to the following diet schema for 6 weeks:
group 1: -ve control group was fed on basal diet + 5% soy bean oil was added to make it isocaloric diet with all tested groups throughout the experiment (6 weeks).
group 2: +ve control “diabetic group” was fed on basal diet + 5% soy bean oil was added to make it isocaloric diet with all tested groups.
group 3: As the same of group 2 and was fed 10% virgin coconut oil in replacement of soy bean oil.
group 4: As the same of group 2 and was fed 5% virgin coconut oil in replacement of soy bean oil.
group 5: As the same of group 2 and was fed 10% sesame oil in replacement of soy bean oil.
group 6: As the same of group 2 and was fed 5% sesame oil in replacement of soy bean oil.
group 7: As the same of group 2 and was fed 5% sesame oil + 5% virgin coconut oil in replacement of soy bean oil.
group 8: As the same of group 2 and was fed 2.5% sesame oil
+ 2.5% virgin coconut oil in replacement of soy bean oil.
At the end of the experimental period (six weeks), the rats were fasted overnight and anesthetized with diethyl- ether. Blood samples were collected from the hepatic portal vein into centrifuge tubes. Blood samples kept for half an hour and then centrifuged at 3000 r.p.m for 10 minutes to separate serum and stored at -20°C.
All serum samples were analyzed for determination the following parameters:
Serum insulin hormone level, serum glucose level, lipids profile as total cholesterol, LDL, LDL, HDL and triglycerides, kidney function as urea and blood creatinine levels, liver function as ALT, AST, TP and albumin, MDA and catalase.
At the same time, the organs as pancreas, liver, and kidneys were removed, cleaned, weighed and stored in buffered formalin solution (10 %) for histological examination for organs.
Obtained results revealed that feed of virgin coconut and sesame seeds oils in alloxan intoxicated male rats for six weeks. the effect of feeding rats on a diet containing different levels of sesame oil and virgin coconut oil on feed intake, body weight gain and feed efficiency ratio. The mean value of daily feed intake in the positive control group was significantly decreased when compared with the negative control group. While the feed intake for experimental groups 3, 4,6 and 7 showed significant increase in this parameter when compared with the positive control group. Body weight gain mean value of the positive control group was significantly decreased when compared with the negative control group. While the body weight gain for experimental groups 3- 7 were significantly increased when compared with the positive control group, the best result of body weight gain was noticed in group 6, which fed on 5% sesame oil. The feed efficiency ratio mean value of the positive control group was significantly
decreased when compared with the negative control group. While the feed efficiency ratio for experimental groups 3- 7 were significantly increased when compared with the positive control group, the best result of feed efficiency ratio was observed in group 6, which fed on 5% sesame oil.
The mean value of serum insulin level in the positive control group was significantly decreased as compared to the negative control group as, while the serum insulin level mean values of the tested groups 3-7 were significantly increased compared with the positive control group. The best result for serum insulin level was recorded in the group 7, which fed on a 5% sesame oil + 5% coconut oil mixture. The serum glucose level mean value of the positive control group was significantly increased as compared to the negative control group, while the serum glucose level mean values of the tested groups 3- 7 were significantly decreased compared with the positive control group. The best result of serum glucose level was recorded in group 7 and group 5, which were fed on a diet containing 5% sesame oil + 5% coconut oil mixture and 10% sesame oil, respectively.
The effect of virgin coconut oil and sesame oil on the lipid profile of diabetic rats. The mean values of total cholesterol, TG, VLDL-c, LDL-c and AI of the positive control group were significantly increased, while the mean value of HDL-c decreased as compared to the -ve control group. The mean values of total
cholesterol, TG, VLDL-c, LDL-c and AI in diabetic tested groups 3-7 were significantly decreased compared with the positive control group, while HDL-c mean values of the same groups increased significantly compared with the positive control group. group 7, which was fed a diet containing 5% sesame oil + 5% coconut oil mixture, had the best results for total cholesterol, TG, VLDL-c, LDL-c, HDL-c and AI.
The effect of virgin coconut oil and sesame oil on the liver function of diabetic rats. The mean values of serum alanine amino transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase of the positive control group were significantly increased, while the mean values of total protein and albumin decreased significantly as compared to the -ve control group. The alanine amino transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase mean values of the tested groups 3- 7 were significantly decreased compared with the positive control group, while the total protein and albumin mean values of the tested groups 3- 7 were significantly increased compared with the positive control group. The best results for alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein and albumin were found in group 7, which was fed on a diet containing 5% sesame oil + 5% coconut oil mixture.
The effect of virgin coconut oil and sesame oil on the kidney function of diabetic rats. The mean values of urea and creatinine of the positive control group were significantly increased as compared
to -ve control group. The urea and creatinine mean values of tested groups 3- 7 were significantly decreased compared with the positive control group. The best urea and creatinine results were obtained in group 7, which was fed on a diet containing 5% sesame oil + 5% coconut oil mixture.
The effect of virgin coconut oil and sesame oil on the catalase and malondialdehyde of diabetic rats. The mean value of catalase of the positive control group was significantly decreased, while the mean value of malondialdehyde of the positive control group was significantly increased as compared to -ve control group. The catalase mean value of tested groups 3- 7 were significantly increased compared with the positive control group, while malondialdehyde mean value of the same tested groups decreased significantly, as compared to the positive control group. The best catalase and malondialdehyde results were obtained in group 7, which was fed on a diet containing 5% sesame oil + 5% coconut oil mixture. Histological examination of liver, kidney and pancreas were in a line with serum analysis results.
This study recommended that usage of virgin coconut oil, sesame oil and 5% virgin coconut oil plus 5 % sesame oil mixture had beneficial effects on diabetes. More scientific researches must be done on this oils treatment to study their effects on human beings.