الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Implant stability may be accelerated by various methods, including alteration of implant topography, surface morphology, roughness, surface energy, strain hardening, chemical composition, the presence of impurities, thickness of titanium oxide layer and the presence of nonmetal and metal composites. Another method of accelerating osseointegration is the modulation of healing after the placement of implant utilize platelet and fibrinogen concentrations. This is where bioactive molecules called growth factors (GFs).
Growth factors are bioactive proteins that control the wound healing process. The platelet-containing preparations derived from human blood contain many growth factors such as bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), which also play a key role in bone healing. These growth factors attract the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells to the wound site, thus facilitating angiogenesis, chemotaxis, and cell proliferation.
Various platelet concentrates such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and concentrated growth factor (CGF) are used to reconstruct bone defects. PRF has been shown to have very successful results in tissue engineering in many studies. This study is to evaluate both clinically and radiographically the effectiveness of concentrated growth factors on implant stability and osseointegration in immediate implant placement in lower posterior mandible.
In the present study, thirty four immediate implants were placed, 17 in the study group and a defect of 2 mm or more were filled with CGF membrane, bone graft and covered with collagen membrane, while the other 17 conventional immediate implants were placed in the control group and bone graft and collagen membrane were filled the defect without CGF.
In the present study, the participant baseline characteristics such as age and gender distribution did not affect the outcome of the study, as the baseline characteristics were equally distributed between the groups and showed no statistically significant findings.
After 1st week, Study was 66.41 ± 3.92 and control group was 61.35 ± 3.84. There was a statistically a significant difference between groups (p=0.001*). Study group showed higher mean ISQ measurements than control group. After 4th week, Study was 67.18 ± 2.88 and control group was 63.06 ± 4.13. There was a statistically a significant difference between groups (p=0.002*). Study group showed higher mean ISQ measurements than control group.