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Abstract
The rapid emergence of microbial strains that are resistant to almost every existing antibiotic, often described as 2superbugs3, is a serious threat to human health, with the eventual risk of depletion of all antibiotic choices against some bacterial pathogens by the next decade. Escherichia coli (E.coli) is particularly known for its genomic plasticity and its subsequent ability to horizontally acquire novel genetic characters, including antibiotic resistance, especially in the hospital environment. Major outbreaks of extended spectrum beta lactamase-producing (ESBL) E.coli (ESBLEC) have been reported in Egypt and other countries. Because of the difficulty to track the spread of antibiotic resistance contributed by closely related genes, this study was designed to investigate the outbreaks of ESBL among E. coli clinical isolates. One hundred ninety eight clinical isolates were collected from the National Cancer Institute, Qasr El-Ainy, and Abu-El-Rish Children Hospital in Cairo-Egypt, and their antibiotic sensitivity was screened by the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method.