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Abstract
Background: Donor specific antibodies (DSA) and a positive cross-match in patients who are sensitized through previous blood transfusions, organ transplantation or pregnancy are an important obstacle in kidney transplantation. , trials of allograft transplantation across the HLA barrier have employed desensitization strategies, including the use of plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulins, anti-B-cell monoclonal antibodies and splenectomy, associated with high-intensity immunosuppressive regimens. These measures have proven only partially successful in preventing or treating humoral rejection in high-risk patients, while causing a significant increase in the risk of severe infectious complications occurring after transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory capacity and are able to suppress allo-specific antibody production in vitro, and may therefore help overcome a positive cross-match in sensitized transplant recipients. Aim of the Work: To evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cell transfusion on desensitization of donor specific resistant positive lymphocyte cross-match and /or high titre Panel Reactive Antibody (PRA)