الفهرس 
Premature loss of primary incisors
Anterior esthetic appliances for prematurely lost primary incisorsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The teeth act as essential landmarks for the tongue and play a significant role in the articulation of specific speech sounds. Premature loss of primary incisors may be involved in the distortion of the continuant consonants (/s/, /s/, /z/, /z/, and /∫/) because their accurate production demands pushing the air stream through an aperture in the oral cavity small enough to create friction noises. As a result, premature loss of primary incisors would allow too much air to escape, causing sound production to be distorted. The current study aimed to Compare the sound production and speech pattern in children with prematurely extracted anterior teeth after prosthetic rehabilitation with fixed functional space maintainer. The study was carried out on Twenty-five children of both sexes aged from three to six years old selected from patients attending outpatient clinic of Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University. The selected children were in need for extraction of maxillary primary incisors or had already got extracted and treated by anterior esthetic fixed appliance. Children attended for Speech and language evaluation at before appliance delivery, immediately after appliance insertion, 7 days after appliance insertion, 14 days after appliance insertion and one month after appliance insertion. And they were evaluated by Articulation test, Speech intelligibility test and spectrographic parameters. Speech evaluation was done by a Phoniatrician. All children were subjected to the Protocol of speech evaluation and assessment done in Phoniatric unit, ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University.