الفهرس 
Physiological and Genetic Studies on Wheat Growing Under Salinity Stress Conditions
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Cereals are the most important nutritional plants for populations worldwide and wheat plants are essential in global food security in all countries. Herein, we investigate the phenotyping of 125 different Egyptian genotypes wheat landraces collected from different governorates and estimate its response to salinity stress. Also, ten selected wheat genotypes from the Egyptian spring wheat population were subjected to biochemical and physiological examination to determine their response to salinity stress. Our finding indicates that by comparing the control, salinity and genotypes, it is clear that there is significant effect between genotype and treatment for all trait. For every phenotypical trait and every genotype showed significant differences from each other, this means that they have different genetic diversity and different genes responsible for salinity. The results confirmed that genotypes have variation in response to salinity stress, while both G8 and G10 genotypes showed superiority response when compared with other studied genotypes and exhibited low level of Na+ accumulation, high K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, and showed high chlorophyll concentration leading to high net photosynthesis, at salt stress conditions. As well as, low level of lipid peroxidation, high total phenolics, total sugars and high proline concentration were observed and this indicated that the physiological and biochemical traits could be used as screening criteria for selecting salt tolerant genotype. Furthermore, the identification of potential genes associated with salinity stress tolerance in worldwide wheat population consists of 111 genotypes at germination and seedling stage by using Genome Wide Association Mapping and identification of the potential candidate genes were studied. The results pointed to 45 SNPs significantly associated with the studied traits and their linked genes would provide an insight to understand the molecular mechanisms of salt stress in wheat.